1. Björn Redfors et al. JACEP 2017;j.jacep.2017.04.024
Relationship Between Yearly Incidence of Major Bleeding and Risk Scores in Patients With Contraindication to OAC (A) Yearly incidence in major bleeding and intracranial bleeding among the study cohort of OAC-naive patients with contraindication to OAC (n = 43,248; blue). Expected yearly major bleeding rates (defined as fatal bleeding, symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, or bleeding causing a fall in hemoglobin of ≥20 g/L or leading to transfusion of ≥2 units of whole blood or red cells#) in a general population of AF patients who are treated on OAC (red). (B) Yearly incidence of major bleeding, defined as any gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or respiratory tract bleeding that required transfusion or surgical intervention, by CHA2DS2-VASc score for the study cohort of OAC-naive patients with contraindication to OAC (n = 43,248; blue). Also presented are expected yearly major bleeding rates$ (defined as fatal bleeding, symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, or bleeding causing a fall in hemoglobin of ≥20 g/L or leading to transfusion of ≥2 U of whole blood or red cells) in a general population of AF patients who are treated on OAC (red). The latter includes also intracranial bleeding. In the study population the yearly incidence of intracranial bleeding per CHA2DS2-VASc category, in ascending order, was 2.4%, 2.8%, 3.5%, 3.7%, 3.7%, 3.7%, 4.7%, 4.6%, 3.5%, and 4.5%. † Adjusted stroke rates in the general population are based on data from Roldan et al. (15). # Major bleeding in the report by Roldan et al. (15) includes intracranial bleeds, whereas we report separately on intracranial bleeding. Thus, the yearly rates of major bleeding are underestimated in our study cohort compared with Roldan et al. (15) $Roldan et al. (15) reported total number of events per CHA2DS2-VASc category, with a median follow-up of 996 days. We estimated yearly rates by assuming event rates per 996 days in each CHA2DS2-VASc category. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
Björn Redfors et al. JACEP 2017;j.jacep
2017 American College of Cardiology Foundation