1. Move towards LTE Networks in Public Safety Communication
Team Tiger: Arora, Ashfaq, Avbuluimen, Kachhwaha

2. Agenda Limitations with current systems (Abhinav)
LTE Introduction (Ozed)
Public Safety LTE Architecture (Syed)
Benefits, Application & Limitations of LTE (Manu)
Conclusion

3. Limitations with current systems

4. Functional Limitations
Centralize control during natural or human created hazard
Interoperability
Situational Awareness
Speed and precision of decision making process
Operating Cost

5. Technical Limitations
Speed
Bandwidth
Throughput
LMT
Architecture
Quality of services

6. LTE Introduction

7. Evolution of Cellular Network1G 2G
2.5G 3G 4G

8. What is LTE?
LTE (Long Term Evolution) project by 3GPP (3 Generation Partnership Project) in collaboration between various communication companies.
Evolved from AMPS -> GSM -> UMTS -> LTE
Bandwidth evolution from 20 kHz -> 200 kHz -> 5 MHz -> 20 MHz
Main concepts
Frequency of operation - Lower than other technologies
OFDMA – Improves spectral efficiency (ie., 30 users can get signals that are all different, so no interference with each other.)
MIMO – boost signal performance
IP based – flat architecture helps reduce complexity of base stations

9. Comparison of Wireless Technologies
LTE
WiMAX e
Technology
MIMO
Downlink: OFDMA
Uplink: SC-FDMA
Uplink: OFDMA
Peak Speeds
Downlink: 100Mbps
(20MHz, 2x2 MIMO)
Uplink: 50Mbps
(20MHz, 1x2)
Downlink: 46Mbps
Uplink: 7Mbps
Duplexing
FDD and TDD
TDD
Subcarrier mapping
Localized
Localized and distributed
Subcarrier hopping
Yes
Data modulation
QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
Average user throughput
5 Mbps-12Mbps (downlink)
2 Mbps-5Mbps (uplink)
2Mbps-4 Mbps (downlink)
500Kbps-1.5 Mbps (uplink)
One-way airlink latency
15ms
50ms
Bandwidth
20MHz, 15MHz, 10MHz, 5MHz, 3MHz, and 1.5MHz
3.5MHz, 5MHz, 7MHz, 8.75 MHz, 10 MHz
Spectrum
LTE can be deployed using various frequencies. In the US, a number of carriers use 700MHz which helps increase in-building coverage for wireless signal’s;
2.3, , 5.8 GHz
Mobility
Targeted Mobility up to 350kmph
Targeted mobility up to 120kmph

10. LTE Worldwide Coverage

11. Public Safety LTE Architecture

12. Network Architecture Evolution
High Level Overview. Not all functional elements and interfaces are shown

13. LTE functional comparison to Wimax or 3G
3G based on RAN and CN
RAN (Radio Access Network) aka base station (NodeB) controlled by Radio Network Controller (RNC)
CN (Core Network) packet data subsystem is connected to internet, and circuit switch subsystem is connected to telephony networks like PSTN (Public switch telephone networks).
Functional changes compared to the current UMTS architecture
The main principles and objectives of the LTE-SAE architecture include :
A common anchor point and gateway (GW) node for all access technologies
IP-based protocols on all interfaces;
Simplified network architecture
All IP network
All services are via Packet Switched domain
Support mobility between heterogeneous RATs, including legacy systems as GPRS, but also non-3GPP systems (say WiMAX)

14. High Level PS LTE Solution Overview

15. eMBMS Introduced for WCDMA (UMTS) in Release 6
Supports multicast/broadcast services in a cellular system
Same content is transmitted to multiple users located in a specific area (MBMS service area) in a unidirectional fashion
MBMS extends existing 3GPP architecture by introducing:
MBMS Bearer Service
delivers IP multicast datagrams to multiple receivers using minimum radio and network resources and provides an efficient and scalable means to distribute multimedia content to mobile phones
MBMS User Services
streaming services - a continuous data flow of audio and/or video is delivered to the user’s handset download services - data for the file is delivered in a scheduled transmission timeslot

16. eMBMS
Multimedia service can be provided by either: single-cell broadcast or multicellular mode (aka MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN)
In an MBSFN area, all eNBs are synchronized to perform simulcast transmission from multiple cells (each cell transmitting identical waveform)
If user is close to a base station, delay of arrival between two cells could be quite large, so the subcarrier spacing is reduced to 7.5 KHz and longer CP is used
Main advantages over technologies such as DVB-H or DMB:
no additional infrastructure
operator uses resources that are already purchased
user interaction is possible

17. eMBMS MCE coordinates the synchronous multi-cell transmission
The MCE can physically be part of the eNB ! flat architecture

18. Benefits, Application & Limitations of LTE

19. Benefits of LTE in Public Safety
Unified Communications Infrastructure
Ecosystem of Devices
Interoperability
Situational Awareness
Video
Digital Imaging
Large Data Files
GIS
Automatic Vehicle Location
Computer-Aided Dispatching
Access to Report Management Systems
Telemetry/Remote Diagnostics
Bulk File Transfer
Decreased narrowband channel load
Enhanced day-to-day operations
Improved incident operations

20. Public Safety Application
License Plate Reader
Fingerprint Identification
Facial Recognition, Scars, Marks, and Tattoos
Local, State, Federal Data
Child Abduction Leads Tracking
Multi-vital sign patient data transmission

21. Key Players offering LTE for Public Safety
AT&T and Harris Corporation
CHICAGO, October 24, 2011 — AT&T and Harris Corporation (NYSE:HRS) are forming an alliance to develop and
deliver next generation LTE wireless solutions for agencies and first responders whose lifesaving efforts depend on
timely access to critical information.
Alcatel-Lucent & EADS
The joint solution from Alcatel-Lucent and EADS will provide a standards-based holistic communications infrastructure,
along with the devices and applications necessary to deliver interoperable broadband and narrowband mission critical
communications.

22. Public Safety LTE Limitations
No standard
No direct mode
Low power results in less coverage
Lack of devices
Challenge for LTE to provide coverage where LMR does
Exposure to security infiltrations

23. Conclusion
Today’s public safety networks need to provide interoperability across multiple locations and disciplines, along with secure, reliable support for mission-critical services.
In addition, they must have the capacity to support emerging public safety applications, such as video, digital imaging, remote database access and messaging.
These capabilities can accelerate response times when emergencies occur, improve situational awareness and play a vital role in planning and decision making.
Technology does not need to be invented, only tailored to meet the needs of public safety.

24. Thank you!!
Questions??