1. Bias is Statistics

2. Response bias: Examples are that some men do not want to answer certain questions if the interviewer is a woman, or vice versa. In addition, some people are reluctant to answer personal questions asked by people of other ethnicities. •Non-response bias: In a study of mental health issues, for example, some people with emotional problems are less likely to participate. This leads to an underreporting of these problems in the study results.

3. Observer effect: Do you act differently when the principal is in the classroom? A principal observing a class is like a researcher collecting data for a project. If you act differently than you normally do, the conclusions are distorted. Placebo effect: Remember that this is not an intentional lie. It can be a psychological effect, or it can be due to an unknown physical effect.

4. Variability in a histogram is higher when the taller bars are more spread out away from the mean and lower when the taller bars are close to the mean.