1. United States History Chapter 8
The Jefferson Era

2. Section 1: Jefferson becomes President
The Election of 1800
A. Candidates
1. Federalists choose John Adams & Charles Pinckey
2. Dem.-Rep. choose Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr
B. Results
1. Jefferson & Burr tied
2. decision goes to House of Reps.
3. vote 36 times before electing Jefferson
4. first time one party replaced another in power

3. Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr

4. Jefferson’s Policies
Jefferson in Inaugurated
need to limit the power of federal gov’t.
protect civil liberties
B. Jefferson in Office
1. allowed Alien & Sedition Act to expire
2. primary function of fed. gov’t
a. protect nation from foreign threats
b. deliver mail
c. collect customs duties
3. agreed to keep bank though he originally opposed it

5. Marbury v. Madison
Judiciary Act of 1801
Federalists created 16 new federal judgeships
Adams filled judgeships with Federalists
Some appointments made so late documents did not arrive before Adams left office
B. Jefferson responds
1. tells Madison not to deliver documents
2. Marbury brings lawsuit to Supreme Court
C. Marbury v. Madison
1. established Supreme Court power to check power of other branches of gov’t
2. denied Marbury’s request
3. judicial review-power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

6. Marbury v. Madison

7. Section 2: The Louisiana Purchase
I. American Settlers Move West
A. New Orleans
1. important port
2. located at the mouth of the Mississippi R.
3. American goods pass through
B. Jefferson Worried
1. fears a foreign power could close the port
2. Spain controlled N. Orleans & Louisiana
3. Spain trades Louisiana to France

8. New Orleans, La

9. Louisiana
A. Napoleon & Louisiana
1. Napoleon wants to rebuild French empire in N. American
2. French defeated at Haiti, plans for empire destroyed
Jefferson Buys Louisiana
1. Napoleon needs money for his war G. Britain
2. Napoleon offered Louisiana to Am for $15 million
3. Louisiana Purchase doubles the size of the U.S.

10. Napoleon Bonaparte
Take note of his pose-many Civil War generals will strike the same pose later in the century.

13. Explorers Head West
A. Lewis & Clark Expedition
1. Jefferson sends Lewis & Clark to explore the new territory
2. set out in May 1804
B. Contact with Native Americans
1. Sacagawea served as a guide & interpreter
2. gather much valuable info on area
C. Pike’s Exploration
1. Zebulon Pike set out in 1806
2. mission: to find starting pt. of Red River
3. imprisoned by Spanish for being a spy

14. There is no real picture or likeness of Sacagawea
There is no real picture or likeness of Sacagawea. This portrait is of an Native American woman and how she dressed in the 1800s. Sacajawea would have dressed the same.

15. Pikes Peak

16. Section 3: The Coming of War
I. Violations of Neutrality
A. Overseas Trade
1. dangers: storms & pirates
2. U.S.S. Constitution-warship sent to protect merchant ships
3. France & Britain at war with each other
A. both try to stop U.S. from trading with enemy
B. both capture American ships, searching for war supplies
4. impressment-British force Am. Sailors to serve in army or navy

17. U.S.S. constitution

18. U.S.s. constitution

19. Embargo Act
embargo-banning trade with another country
Embargo Act-banned trade with ALL foreign countries
Act had little effect on France or Britain
Am. Merchants lost enormous amounts of money
Act hurt Jefferson’s popularity
The Battle of Tippecanoe
1. William Henry Harrison- governor of Indiana Territory
2. felt British were arming Tecumseh & Indians
3. Harrison attacks Indians while Tecumseh is away

20. William Henry Harrison
Governor of Indiana Territory he defeated the Indians at the Battle of Tippecanoe

21. Tecumseh
Tecumseh hoped to unite the Native Americans to fight back against the white settlers taking their lands.

22. 4. U. S. forces defeated Tecumseh & his followers
4. U.S. forces defeated Tecumseh & his followers at the Battle of Tippecanoe
5. Tecumseh fled to Canada
Call for War
The War Hawks-South & West
Begin calling for war against Britain
Arguments for war
British influence on Indians; arming them
invade Canada & gain more territory
British trade restrictions
The Opposition- N. England Federalists
1. wanted to renew friendly business ties with England
2. U.S. not ready to take on powerful British

23. Declaring War
James Madison was president
he blasts the conduct of G. Britain
Madison asks Congress to decide what to do
Congress votes for war
5. nation is only 23 years old

24. Section 4: The war of 1812 Early Battles A. War at Sea
1. U.S. navy not as powerful as the British
2. Britain has 100s ships spread across the world
3. U.S. had less than 20 ships
a. did have well trained sailors
b. also had powerful warships

25. Battles Along the Canadian Border
Three planned attacks from Detroit, Niagara Falls, & up the Hudson River fail
Captain (Commodore) Oliver Hazard Perry sent to break British control of Lake Erie
Opened way for possible invasion of Canada
Battle of Lake Erie
British surrender to Perry, U.S. gains control of Lake Erie
Battle of the Thames
Harrison defeats British
Ended British power in the northwest

28. The Creek War
1. Creek Indians attack Fort Mims
2. angry at settlers who are stealing their lands
3. Andrew Jackson commands at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend
4. defeats the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend