1. Characteristics of Life
Chapter 1.1 pages 6-10
Opening video

2. What is Biology? The study of living things “Bio” = living
“-ology” =“study of…”

3. 8 Characteristics of Life: Living things must have all 8 characteristics of life to be considered living. They are:

4. 1. FOOD (ENERGY) Living things USE & NEED energy!
Energy comes from food!
SOME ORGANISMS CONSUME
their food:
HETEROTROPHS
EX: ANIMALS, SOME FUNGI
SOME ORGANISMS MAKE
their food!:
AUTOTROPHS
EX: PLANTS, ALGAE

5. 2. REPRODUCTION
Living things reproduce!
Asexually — single parent
Sexually — two parents of different gender

6. 3. Response to the ENVIRONMENT
Living things respond to their environment
They react to a stimulus
The stimulus causes a reaction or response!
Example: Response to temperature, light, smells, sounds, touch

7. 4. DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH
Growth = change in size
Development = change in complexity (maturity)
Example: life cycles

8. 5. Have CELLS Cells are the smallest living thing Can be:
unicellular: single cell
Example: bacteria
Multicellular: many cells
Example: You!

9. 6. HOMEOSTASIS Living things maintain a stable Internal balance.
Examples:
You sweat when it’s hot to cool off your body and avoid overheating your cells!
Insulin increases in your body to get rid of excess sugar in the blood
Dogs pant to cool off

10. 7. EVOLUTION Living things must evolve:
species of organisms adapt to changes in the environment over a long period of time.
Charles Darwin

11. 8. Have a GENETIC CODE
Living things must have a genetic code in DNA or RNA
The genetic code is inherited and particular to a species

12. FRED CHEG! F ood R eproduce E volve D evelop C ells H omeostasis
E nvironment
G enetic code

13. VIRUS Viruses are NOT ALIVE Not made of cells!!
Protein capsule with RNA