1. The Increasing Use of Mechanical Pulmonary Valve Replacement Over a 40-Year Period 
John M. Stulak, MD, Joseph A. Dearani, MD, Harold M. Burkhart, MD, Heidi M. Connolly, MD, Carole A. Warnes, MD, Rakesh M. Suri, MD, DPhil, Hartzell V. Schaff, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 90, Issue 6, Pages (December 2010)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Overall actuarial survival for patients who have undergone mechanical pulmonary valve replacement is shown (dashed line). Survival curves for patients with carcinoid heart disease (square dots) and congenital heart disease (solid line) are also shown. There was no significant difference in survival according to diagnosis (p = 0.072).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Overall actuarial survival curves are shown for patients who have undergone mechanical pulmonary valve replacement (solid line) and bioprosthetic pulmonary valve replacement (square dots). The groups were matched for age, gender, and diagnosis. There was no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.1).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Overall actuarial survival curves are shown for patients with a congenital diagnosis who have undergone mechanical pulmonary valve replacement (solid line) and bioprosthetic pulmonary valve replacement (square dots). The groups were matched for age and gender. There was no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.18).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Overall actuarial freedom from reoperation curves are shown for patients who have undergone mechanical pulmonary valve replacement (solid line) and bioprosthetic pulmonary valve replacement (square dots). The groups were matched for age, gender, and diagnosis. There was a statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.018).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions