1. Responses to Industrialization

2. 1) Unions -formed by workers to advance their mutual interest.
-created to protect jobs, wages and working conditions
-used collective bargaining  the right of unions to negotiate workers’ contracts
-the right to strike (leave work as a large group in protest)
-examples- NHL Players Association, CUPE, PSAC, IBEW

3. 2) Business Associations
- created to control prices of goods produced and materials needed to produce them.
Example- NHL Board of Governors

4. 3) Co-operatives
- groups of people pooling together for a common cause or for a better business situation (power in #’s)
-consumer- Red River Co-op (gas bars/marketplace groceries)
-financial- Credit Unions (Assiniboine, Cambrian, etc)
-producer – CWB, Canadian Council of Agriculture, BeeMaid MB Honey

5. 4) Reform Movements
- temperance movement - a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages. -typically criticize excessive alcohol consumption, promote complete abstinence in hopes of improving conditions in homes.
-women’s movement- advocacy for equality in society, the workplace, the home; suffrage for the right to vote (Nelly McClung) and to be a ‘person’ under the law. (Emily Murphy)
- social gospel- healthcare, education, housing, social justice etc related to Christian groups.