1. Chapter 2
Section 1

2. What are the two types of weathering?
Focus Question
What are the two types of weathering?

3. Weather and Climate
Weather-condition of the bottom layer of earths atmosphere in one place over a short time period
Weather is constantly changing
Climate-weather patterns that areas typically experience
Elevation, latitude, location are all factors
Slow to change
Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get

4. The Sun and the Earth Revolution
The sun is the main source of the climate zones
93 million miles away
Greenhouse Affect
Reflection and Refraction
Rotation
Spinning on its axis
24 hours to complete
Revolution
Complete revolution around the sun
365 ¼ days to complete

5. Changes in Seasons Solstices Equinoxes Latitude Longitude
Summer and winter solstices
June 21& December 21 (longest and shortest days of the year)
Equinoxes
March 21 and September 21
Days are equal everywhere on earth
Latitude
Horizontal
Longitude
Vertical

6. Other things that impact weather
Wind patterns
Each latitude zone temperature and pressure combine to create a pattern of prevailing winds.
Currents
water of the ocean helps to distribute heat. Following convection patterns

7. Changes in Climate
Humidity is the amount of water vapor contained in the atmosphere
Precipitation is all forms of water that fall from the atmosphere onto earths surface
Convectional
Orographic
Frontal
Nearby Bodies of Water
Elevation
World Climate Regions page 70

8. Section 2

9. What is the difference between weather and climate?
Focus Question
What is the difference between weather and climate?

10. Ecosystems
Ecosystems- formed by the interaction of plant life, animal life, and the physical environment in which they live
Various physical conditions affect the survival and growth of life in ecosystems
Because of interaction, change in one aspect of an ecosystem leads to other changes
Biomes are used to describe major ecosystems around the world

11. Forest Regions Tropical Rain forests Mid Latitude Forests
Areas near the equator
Warm regions
Great amounts of rain
Keep their leaves year round
Mid Latitude Forests
Deciduous
Shed their leaves once a year
Coniferous Forests
Needle leaf trees
Conifers protect the seeds
Other Forests
Mixed forests
Chaparral
Evergreen shrubs

12. Grasslands Tropical Grasslands Temperate Grasslands Savannas
Warm lands near the equator
Have three seasons
Herbivores live here drawing carnivores
Temperate Grasslands
Cooler parts of the world
Differ in variety and types
Parries
steppes

13. Deserts Regions in which rainfall is limited Temperature are extreme
Plants and Animals have to adapt to life with little water

14. Tundra Region where temperatures are always cold Alpine tundra
Only specialized plants can grow here
Only adapted animals can live in the climates
Alpine tundra
High mountains
Arctic tundra
Arctic
Must go months without sunlight
permafrost