1. Aggression
Social Psychology

2. Behavior intended to injure another
What is Aggression?
Behavior intended to injure another
It is behavior (not angry feelings)
It is intended (not accidental harm)
It is aimed at hurting (not assertiveness or playfulness)

3. Instrumental Aggression
Type of Aggression
Indirect Aggression
Direct Aggression
Emotional Aggression
Instrumental Aggression

4. Type of Aggression Definition Example Indirect Aggression
Attempt to hurt another without obvious face-to-face conflict
Spreading a rumor that your ex-romantic partner has a sexually transmitted disease
Direct Aggression
Emotional Aggression
Instrumental Aggression

5. Results and Implication
Those watching the violent movie were more aggressive to begin with
They became even more aggressive after watching the violent movie
Implication:
Watching Violence Magnifies Violent Inclinations

6. Culture of Honor
A set of societal norms whose central idea is that people (particularly men) should be ready to defend their honor with violent retaliation if necessary…
Southern U.S. has more honor-related homicides (Nisbett et al., 1995)
Southern students respond more aggressively to an insult in a lab setting (Cohen, et al., 1996)

7. Self-protective aggression can increase danger
Center for Disease Control (1991)
This study found 1 in 5 H.S. students reported carrying a gun to school in preceding month

8. Self-protective aggression can increase danger
Kellerman et al. (1993)
Adults also often purchase guns for self-defense
But guns are most often turned against friends, acquaintances, or self
Owning a gun triples chance of being killed

9. Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
Original
The theory that aggression is an automatic response to any blocking of goal-directed behavior
Revised
The theory that any unpleasant stimulation will lead to emotional aggression to the extent that it generates unpleasant feelings