1. Study Guide 9

2. Who won the election of 1844?

3. Who was the leader of the Texas rebels that defeated Santa Anna at San Jacinto?
Sam Houston

4. Texas
In the 1820’s Mexico invited American settlers to Texas to act as a buffer zone.

5. Which group of Native Americans grew more powerful and led many attacks on Spanish colonists in New Mexico?
Apache

6. General Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
Led a military coup against the Mexican government in 1834.

7. What is the belief that God intended the US to expand westward?
Manifest Destiny
Expansionists

8. What name was given to the people who travelled west looking for gold?
Forty-Niners

9. Who led the Mormons to Utah?
Brigham Young

10. What treaty ended the Mexican-American War?
Guadalupe Hidalgo

11. What treaty kept the trails clear of Native Americans in the 1840’s?
Fort Laramie

12. Which famous trail led to the Pacific Northwest?
Oregon Trail

13. Who was the US Army General who won several victories in the disputed territory in the Mexican-American War?

14. Describe a typical wagon train on the Oregon Trail.
50 to 100 wagons with 100 to 1,000 people travelling together.

15. Junipero Serra
Franciscan priest who started missions in California to convert Native Americans to Christianity.

16. Wilmot Proviso
Legislation which proposed banned slavery in any new land won from Mexico

17. What is the former Spanish fortified mission in present day San Antonio?
The Alamo

18. Hydraulic Mining
Type of mining where water is used to erode gravel hills to find gold.

19. Placer Mining
Type of mining where metal pans, picks, and shovels are used to harvest gold from rivers and streams .

20. Why did Americans favor manifest Destiny?
The land had a lot of resources and few people living there.

21. Who was the US president during the Mexican-American War?

22. Where did Mormons move to in the 1830’s?
Utah

23. What group of people were excluded from California by their State Constitution?
African-Americans

24. Describe some difficulties faced by emigrants on the Oregon Trail.
Deep mud
Swollen Rivers
Exposure
Indian Attacks
Equipment Failure
Poor Health

25. What effects did the Gold Rush have on the development of the United States?
California’s population exploded.
Businessmen made big money selling goods to miners.
Immigrants that came for gold stayed for jobs leading to greater ethnic diversity.