1. Typhoid Fever
Abigail Terkeltoub

2. Basic Information Acute Life Threatening
21 Million Cases per Year Worldwide
200,000 are fatal
Caused by Salmonella Typhi
Wide Array of Symptoms

3. Epidemiology Serious threat in developing world
Rare in industrialized countries

4. Illness Timeline/Symptoms
Incubation Period: 1-2 weeks
Duration of Illness: 3-4 weeks
Different symptoms for different weeks
3-5% become carriers
Typhoid Mary
1st US identified carrier

5. Contraction of the Disease
Bacterium carried in blood stream/intestinal tract
Spread through contaminated food and water
Fecal-Oral Cycle

6. Testing and Diagnosis Body Fluid or Tissue Culture
blood, stool, urine, bone marrow
checked for presence of typhoid bacteria
bone marrow culture is often most sensitive

7. Treatment Only effective treatment: antibiotic therapy
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
nonpregnant adults
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
pregnant women
children
Pushing fluids and healthy diets are supportive therapies

8. Prevention Developing Nation Goals
Vaccinations (two types): neither 100% effective
Single dose injection
Oral capsules (4)
Other common preventative measures

9. Sources
"Diseases and Conditions: Typhoid Fever." N.p., 22 Aug Web. 1 Apr <
"Typhoid Fever." Centers For Disease Control And Prevention. N.p., 14 May Web. 1 Apr
"Typhoid Mary." Wikipedia. N.p., 5 Apr Web. 6 Apr
"Relative Sensitivity of Blood and Bone Marrow Cultures in Typhoid Fever." US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (1991): Web. 6 Apr
Gilman, Robert H., Miguel Terminel, Myron M. Levine, Pablo Hernandez-medoza, and Richard B. Hornick. "Relative Efficacy of Blood, Urine, Rectal Swab, Bone Marrow, and Rose-Spot Cultures for Recovery of Salmonella Typhi in Typhoid Fever." The Lancet (1975): Web. 6 Apr
"Ciprofloxacin." Wikipedia. N.p., 1 Apr Web. 4 Apr
"Ceftriaxone." Wikipedia. N.p., 31 Mar Web. 4 Apr