1. The Nation Breaking Apart
Chapter 15
The Nation Breaking Apart

2. I. Growing Tensions Between North and South
A. North and South take Different Paths
1. Economy
2. Immigration
B. Antislavery and Racism
1. Fears of slavery
2. Racist
3. Southern Defenses

3. D. Controversy over Territories 1. What to do with lands from Mexico
C. The Wilmot Proviso
1. Ban slavery in new lands from Mexico
2. Congress has no right
3. Bill leads to creation of Free Soil Party
D. Controversy over Territories
1. What to do with lands from Mexico
2. Gold swells population
3. Balance of power

4. E. The Compromise of 1850
1. California needed Senate approval
2. Henry Clay
3. Plan has two points
a. California admitted as free
b. no slavery laws on new lands

5. II. The Crisis Deepens
A. The Fugitive Slave Act
B. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1. Harriet Beecher Stowe
a. Portrays moral issues of slavery
C. The Kansas-Nebraska Act
1. Popular Sovereignty
a. right of the people to choose
2. Would eliminate Compromise of 1850

6. D. Bleeding Kansas
1. Rush to support
2. Battlegrounds
3. John Brown (extreme abolitionist)
E. Violence in Congress
1. Sumner/Brooks

7. III. Slavery Dominates Politics
A. The Republican Party Forms
1. Republicans gain strength
2. John C. Fremont (Presidential)
B. The Elections of 1856
1. James Buchanan
2. The Know-Nothings
3. Republicans are a force

8. C. The Case of Dred Scott
1. Supreme Court Decisions
a. not free
b. not a citizen
c. Missouri Compromise illegal
D. Lincoln and Douglas Debate
1. Illinois Senate seat
2. Douglas wins
E. John Brown Attacks Harpers Ferry
1. Raid the arsenal at Harpers Ferry Va.

9. IV. Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession
A. Political Parties Splinter
1. Parties (Democrats, Republican, Union
2. Platform
3. Democrats
B. Election of 1860
1. 2 races
a. Lincoln/Douglas (North)
b. Breckinridge/Bell (South)
2. Nation was tired of Compromise
3. Southerners fear Lincoln

10. C. Southern States Secede
1. Withdraw from the Union
2. States’ rights
3. December 20, 1860 South Carolina
4. Confederate States of America
5. Jefferson Davis
6. Believed war was inevitable
D. The Union Responds to Secession
1. Unconstitutional
E. Efforts to Compromise Fail
1. Crittenden Plan
a. reinstate Missouri Compromise