1. Objective: Share Experience based on
Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications – Short Tutorial and R&D Trends
Amjad Umar
website:
Objective: Share Experience based on
Industrial involvement and industrial research
university teaching
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2. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
Outline
Framework for Discussion
Mobile Applications (M-Business, M-Business, M-Government, M-Life, Positional Apps)
Platforms to Support Mobile Applications
Mobile IP
Wireless middleware (WAP, iMode, J2ME, BREW, MMIT)
Wireless Networks
Wireless PANs (Sensor Networks, Bluetooth, UWB)
Wireless LANs (Wi-Fi, a to n)
Wireless Local Loops and Free Space Optics
Cellular networks: from 1 to 5G Networks
Satellite communications and Deep Space Networking
Security, Integration, and Management Issues
University Course Outline
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The Jargon
State of the art
State of the market
State of the practice
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4. Framework for Discussion: The Building Blocks
Types of outsourcing
non-IT
e.g., delivery services (e.g., FEDEX) IT
Traditionally
desktop
network services
network management
software development
New “ASP”
web hosting
application software
computing services
Research and development
in every building block
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5. Mobile Computing Applications
Enable the business initiatives by supporting mobility of
Customers
Suppliers and Businesses
Employees
Mobile computing applications
Wireless messaging (e.g., SMS)
Mobile ecommerce (M-Commerce) and its variants
Positional commerce (p-commerce) .
Voice commerce (v-commerce).
Television commerce (T-Commerce)
Mobile ebusiness applications (MEBAs), e.g., M-CRM, M-portal, N- SCM
Specialized applications – Many areas of research
Location sensitive apps (E911)
Wireless sensor network apps
Mobile agent apps
Two views:
Mobile applications are fundamentally new applications.
Mobility is another dimension of the existing applications
Research in every aspect
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6. Supporting M-Apps: Mobile Computing Platforms
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7. Mobile Computing Platforms
Mobile operating systems
- Palm OS
-Windows CE
- Symbian OS
Mobile database managers
Mobile transaction managers
Utilities for mobile devices
Wireless Middleware (information hiding versus
Information providing)
Wireless Gateways: Collection of Middleware services
Mobile Application Servers
Research and development in every aspect
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8. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
Wireless Web
WAP
Gateway
WML
Content
(XML/HTML)
Web
Server
Servelet
VoiceXML
Gateway
VoiceXML
HTML/XML
eCommerce
Module
Many players
- WAP
iMode
J2ME
BREW
MMIT
Industry activity
- Open Mobility Alliance
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9. Mobile IP – The Roaming in Wireless Internet World
Mobile Node A
Home Network
for A
NSP POP
Foreign
Agent 3
NSP POP
Foreign
Network
for A 4 2
Home
Agent IP
Network 5 1
Research issues:
Can Mobile IP replace roaming
Security issues
Performance issues
ISP Servers
Flash OFDM
Uses Mobile IP
For cellular networks
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10. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
WIRELESS NETWORKS
Different type of wireless networks support mobile computing applications and platforms
Wireless Personal Area Networks (Bluetooth, Sensors, UWB, Zigbees)
Wireless LANs ( family)
Fixed Wireless Local loops
Cellular networks
1G to 5G
Satellite systems
Many Research Issues: short list
Lower level issues (e.g., signaling, error correction, smart antennas)
Mobile Adhoc Networks
Voice over
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Research and Development issues unique to wireless
Frequency allocation (efficient frequency utilization)
Multiple Access (CDMA vs TDMA)
Location services (Data rate versus speed of mobile devices)
Error correction (e.g., Turbo codes)
Signalling and encoding (PCM versus Delta code modulation)
Antenna design (smart antennas)
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13. Wireless PANs: Home Networking
Players:
Bluetooth
Sensor networks
UWB
802.11
Zigbees
HomeR/F (dead)
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Bluetooth
PSTN
Access
Point
Cellular
Network
Wired
LAN
Bluetooth Piconet
(1 Mbps, 10 meters, mobile adhoc network)
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15. Wireless Sensor Networks
Sensor = mote
Many R&D
efforts
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Family LANs
11a, 11b, 11g
11n
11i – security
11e – QoS
Link to
Public Ethernet C D T1 or
DSL
LAN Server
Wireless LAN Cell
Wireless LAN Cell Y Z
Router
Centrex
Wired Ethernet LAN
X, Y, Z are
access points
for the wireless
Ethernet LANs
Wireless LAN Cell X
A, B, C, D are
student laptops A B
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Wireless Local Loops
Inter-
Exchange
Switch
Telephone
Narrowband –telephony services
Broadband –high-speed data service
LAN
Toll
Connecting
Trunks
Wireless
Local Loop
Offerings
(MMDS, LMDS)
PBX, TV
Intertoll
Trunks
Telephone
Inter-
Exchange
Switch
Local
Control
Office
Toll
Connecting
Trunks
Wired
Local
Loop
Interesting
applications
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Cellular Networks
Cell 1
Mobile
Telephone
Switching
Center
(MTSC)
Public
Switched
Telephone
Network
(PSTN)
Cell 2
HLR
VLR
Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
Mobile User
Cordless connection
HLR = Home Location Register
VLR = Visitor Location Register
Wired connection
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Evolution: 1G to 5G
4-5G
(10 Mbps+)
Data Rates
2 Mbps 3G
(144Kbps to 2Mbps)
1 Mbps
100 Kbps
2.5G
(10-150Kbps)
10 Kbps 2G
(9.6Kbps)
Research Issues
Mobility vs data rate
error correction
Intelligent Antennas
Intelligent radio
1 Kbps 1G
(<1Kbps)
1980
1990
2000
2010
Years
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20. Satellite Communications
GEO= 35,000 km, 250 ms delay
LEO = 4,000 km, 20 ms delay
MEO = 10,000 km, 50 ms delay
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21. Research Issue:Deep Space Networking
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Other issues
Integration
Security
Management and support
Regulations and standards
Wireless Business and Industry
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Integration – Vision
Content
Provider
Web
Enterprise
Databases
Office
LAN
(802.11)
Home
(Bluetooth)
Cellular
Cell
(GSM, GPRS)
Hotspot
(3G)
Wireless
and Wired
WAN
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24. Integration Framework
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25. Vertical Versus Horizontal Integrations
App1
Platform1
App2
Platform2
App1
Platform1
Network1
App 2
Platform2
Network2
Integrated Physical Network
b). Horizontal Integration
at Network Level
a). Total Vertical Integration
App1
Network1
App 2
Network2
Integrated Applications
Platform1
Network1
Platform2
Network2
Integrated Platform + IP
c). Horizontal Integration
at Platform Level
d). Horizontal Integration
at Application Level
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26. Wireless Security – The Big Picture
Latest Security Technologies
Cryptographic techniques
Managing digital certificates and PKI
Secure payment systems
Significant research developments
Unique issues:
- medium
- mobility
Security
Solutions
IT Assets
Applications and automated services
Databases, files
Computing platforms
Middleware (e.g., web servers)
Networks (hardware, routing software)
External Factors
Intruder/attacker/assault Threats
Privacy and confidentialty laws
Consumer/customer attitudes
Organizational Requirements
Survivability and Tolerance
Requirements
QoS Requiremensts
Budgettary and policy restrictions
Physical Assets
Humans
Buildings
Other corporate assets
(e.g., planes, trains, and
automobiles)
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User View (PIA4)
Privacy
assure privacy of information (i.e., no one other than the authorized people can see the information) in storage or transmission
Integrity
the integrity of information (i.e., no unauthorized modification)
Authentication:
identify for certain who is communicating with you
Authorization (Access control):
determine what access rights that person has).
Accountability (Auditing): .
assure that you can tell who did what when and convince yourself that the system keeps its security promises.
Includes non-repudiation (NR) -- the ability to provide proof of the origin or delivery of data.
NR protects the sender against a false denial by the recipient that the data has been received. Also protects the recipient against false denial by the sender that the data has been sent..
a receiver cannot say that he/she never received the data or the sender cannot say that he/she never sent any data
Availability: access to system when a user needs it
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28. Sample Wireless Security Technologies
SET for transaction security
S/MIME and PGP for secure
Java security (sandboxes)
Database security
Applications
Can use
higher level
services to
compensate
for lower layers
Tradeoffs in
performance and security
SSL and TLS
WAP security (WTLS)
Web security (HTTPS, PICS, HTTP Headers)
Proxy server security
Middleware
TCP/IP
IPSEC and wirless VPN
Mobile IP
security (WEP)
Cellular network security
Satellite link security
WLL and cordless link security
Wireless
Link
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29. Wireless Security Example
Link to
Public Internet C D T1 or
DSL
LAN Server
Wireless LAN Cell
Wireless LAN Cell Y Z
Router
and
Firewall
Centrex
Fast Ethernet
LAN(Backbone)
Wireless LAN Cell
1. No physical net security
(server ID/PW)
2. No physical net security
(server ID/PW + encryption)
3. Physical net security at APs
(optional
server ID/PW + encryption) X
Wired Ethernet LAN A B
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30. Wireless Management and Business
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31. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
Wireless Value Chain
Wireless
Network
Operators
Element
Providers
Middleware/
Gateway
Content
Providers/
Aggregators
Mobile
Application
Device
Builders
Enterprise
Users
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32. Wireless LANs, Satellites, Wireless Local Loops) Call Switching
Telephone
Business
Wireless Data
Network
Business
Wireless
Management Business
Wireless
Consulting
Business
Reference
Model
7. Application
Applications
(e.g., SMS, ,
Wireless Web,
Mobile EC/EB)
Wireless
Telephony
Applications
and
Services
Wireless
Application
and
Platform
Management
Systems
Consulting
6. Presentation
5. Session
4. Transport
IP Data
Network
Routing
PSTN
Routing
3. Network
Wireless
Network
Management
Wireless
Network
Consulting
and
Engineering
Services
Physical Network Elements
2. Data Layer
(Cellular networks,
Wireless LANs, Satellites,
Wireless Local Loops)
Call
Switching
1. Physical
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33. Course Outline: Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications
Legend:
U: Umar, A., "Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications”
Sessions
Session 1: Introduction and Mobile Applications U-Ch.1-Ch.2
Session 2: Wireless Web and Wireless Platforms - (U-Ch.3)
Session 3: WAP, VoiceXML - (U-Ch.4)
Session 4: Wireless Communication Principles (Antennas, Signals) - (U-Ch.5), (S – Ch. 5-6)
Session 5: Wireless Communication Technology (spread spectrum, coding and error control ) - (U-Appendix B)
Session 6: Wireless LANs and IEEE (U-Ch. 6)
Session 7: Mobile Adhoc Networks and WPANs (U-Ch. 6, Ch. 7)
Session 8:, Bluetooth, UWB, Wireless Sensor Networks (U-Ch. 7-Ch. 10)
Session 9: Cellular Networks - 2G, 2.5G, 3G (U-Ch. 8)
Session 10: Fixed wireless networks and wireless local loops (U-Ch. 9)
Session 11: Satellite Communications, FSO, Flash OFDM - (U-Ch. 9, Ch. 10)
Session 12: Wireless Architectures and Traffic Engineering (U-Ch. 11)
Session 13: Special topics - wireless security, wireless network management (U-Ch. 12, 13)
Session 14-15: Student led discussion on various research and development topics (Project 3)
Note: For variants of this course and additional details/instructional materials, contact me.
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34. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
Textbook: “Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications”, A. Umar, NGE Solutions, Available through Amazon.com
Part I: Mobile Computing Applications and Platforms
Chapter 1: Overview and the Big Picture
Chapter 2: Mobile Computing Applications: Supporting M-Business and M-Government
Chapter 3: Wireless Internet, Mobile IP, and Wireless Web
Chapter 4: Mobile Computing Platforms, Middleware, and Servers
Part II: Wireless Networks
Chapter 5: Wireless Network Principles
Chapter 6: Wireless LANs and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Chapter 7: Wireless Personal Area Networks: Bluetooth, UWB, and Sensor Networks
Chapter 8: Cellular Networks -- From 1G to 5G
Chapter 9: Wireless Local Loops and Satellite Communications
Chapter 10: Emerging Wireless Networks: UWB, FSO, MANET, and Flash OFDM
Part III: Architectures, Security and Management
Chapter 11: Integrated Architectures for Wireless
Chapter 12: Wireless Security
Chapter 13: Management and Support Issues
Part IV: Appendices
Appendix A: Tutorial on Network Basics
Appendix B: Closer Look at Physical Wireless Communications
Ebook version for instructor evaluation and instructor materials are available (contact me)
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35. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
Concluding Comments
The following framework (see figure on next page) provides a good framework for R&D trends in mobile computing and wireless communications
Additional details
Website:
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36. Copyrights: Amjad Umar
Framework for Discussion: The Building Blocks of Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications
Types of outsourcing
non-IT
e.g., delivery services (e.g., FEDEX) IT
Traditionally
desktop
network services
network management
software development
New “ASP”
web hosting
application software
computing services
Research and development
in every building block
Copyrights: Amjad Umar