1. STEP 5 RELATIONSHIPS I P. 181 Mrs. Elizabeth Coiman-Lopez, BAT., MS.
Houston Community College – Fall 2018

2. Authors use two common methods to show relationships and make their ideas clear:
Transition Method
Patterns of Organization Method
Authors use two common types of relationships:
Relationships that involved ADDITION
Relationships that involve TIME
DEFINITION P. 181

3. Find the statement that is easier to understand p. 181
Transitions are words or phrases (another) that show relationship between the ideas.
They are like signs on the road guiding travelers or bridges carrying the reader from one idea to the next one.
TRANSITIONS P. 181

4. Words that signal added ideas.
Author presents the information clearly to the reader
One to begin with also further
First (of all) for one thing in addition furthermore
Second(ly) other next last (of all)
Third(ly) another moreover final(ly)
PRACTICE 1 p
ADDITION WORDS P. 183

5. WORDS THAT SHOW TIME P. 184 Words that indicate time relationship
They tell us WHEN something happened in relationship to something else happened
Before immediately when until
Previously next whenever often
First (of all) then while frequently
Second(ly) following during eventually
Third(ly) later as (soon as) finally
Now after by last (of all)
TIPS: p. 185
When transition words have the same meaning, authors use a variety of them to prevent repetition: also, moreover, furthermore (in addition)
Sometimes the same word can be used as two different types of transitions, on how it is used: first: used in addition or to show a time sequence.
PRACTIVE 2 P. 186
WORDS THAT SHOW TIME P. 184

6. PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION P. 186
Show the relationship between supporting details in paragraphs, essays, and chapters.
It helps to recognize the common pattern in which authors arrange information
Transitions in a passage can often help you become aware of its pattern of organization
Readers will understand and remember what is read.
Patterns Organization: p. 186
LIST OF ITEMS PATTERN: addition words are often used
TIME ORDER PATTERN: time words are often used
PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION P. 186

7. LIST OF ITEMS PATTERN P. 187-188
LIST OF ITEMS PATTERN: addition words are often used
Arrange the sentences in order
Paragraph begins with the main idea
Next three sentences has the pattern of list of items: ONE, ANOTHER, and FINALLY introduce the points being listed.
The List of Items refers to a series of reasons, examples, or other points that support an idea.
The author lists the items in whatever order he prefers (no time order words)
Textbooks use this method often.
One to begin with also further
First (of all) for one thing in addition furthermore
Second(ly) other next las (of all)
Third(ly) another moreover final(ly)
LIST OF ITEMS PATTERN P

8. TIME ORDER PATTERN P. 190 Arrange the sentences in logical order
Authors usually present events in the order in which they happen
Time transition words are used: Next, then, when, and last)
Textbooks also use this method
Beside dates and other time references, signals could be: stages, series, steps, and process
Most common: series of events or series of steps p
Before immediately when until
Previously next whenever often
First (of all) then while frequently
Second(ly) following during eventually
Third(ly) later as (soon as) finally
Now after by last (of all)
PRACTICE 5-7
TIME ORDER PATTERN P. 190