1. All living things are organized
Classification
All living things are organized

2. History of Classification
Early Systems of Classification
Biologists use a system of classification to organize information about the diversity of living things.

3. Aristotle's System
More than 2000 years ago, Aristotle developed the first widely accepted system of biological classification.
Aristotle classified organisms as either animals or plants.
Animals were classified according to the presence or absence of “red blood.”
Animals were further grouped according to their habitats and morphology.
Plants were classified by average size and structure as trees, shrubs, or herbs.

4. Linnaeus's System
Linnaeus’s system of classification was the first formal system of taxonomy
Taxonomy = a branch of biology concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species based on morphology and behavior similarities and differences.
Morphology = physical characteristics/structures
Perching Bird
Bird of Prey
Wading Bird

5. Binomial Nomenclature
Linnaeus’s method of naming organisms, called binomial nomenclature, gives each species a scientific name with two parts.
The first part is the genus name, and the second part is the specific epithet, or specific name, that identifies the species.
Example = Canis domesticus

6. Biologists use scientific names for species because common names vary in their use from place to place (language barriers)
Ursus americanus
American black bear

7. Writing Scientific Names
When writing a scientific name, scientists use these rules:
The first letter of the genus name always is capitalized, but the rest of the genus name and all letters of the specific epithet(species) are lowercase. (ex: Felis leo
If a scientific name is written in a printed book or magazine, it should be italicized. (ex: Ursus maritimus)
When a scientific name is written by hand, both parts of the name should be underlined. (ex: Canis lupus)
After the scientific name has been written completely, the genus name will be abbreviated to the first letter in later appearances (ex: C. cardinalis).

8. Taxonomic Categories
The taxonomic categories used by scientists are part of a nested-hierarchal system.
Each category is contained within another, and they are arranged from broadest to most specific.

9. Taxonomic groups A species is a very specific organism.
A genus (plural, genera) is a group of species that are closely related and share a common ancestor.
A family is the next higher taxon, consisting of similar, related genera.
An order contains related families.
A class contains related orders.
A phylum or division(used for plants) contains related classes.
The taxon of related phyla or divisions is a kingdom.
The domain is the broadest of all the taxa and contains one or more kingdoms.

10. Order of Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
King
Philip
Came
Over
For
Good
Spaghetti

11. Any questions?