1. Introduction to Plants
Botany and Ecology

2. Warm Up:
Describe your experience growing plants throughout your life. Would you consider yourself to be a novice, intermediate, or experienced gardener? How do you think this will impact your performance in this course?
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3. Botany Comes from the Greek word for “Plant”
1600’s: people began conducting experiments to see how plants grow
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4. Botany Includes: Plant systematics Evolutionary history of plants
Plant anatomy and physiology
Plant morphology
Plant ecology
Plant genetics
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5. Why Study Plants? Photosynthesis Sustains Life on Earth Oxygen Food
Medicines
Fuel, Shelter, Paper Products
Why else
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6. Plant Characteristics and Diversity
Organisms used to be classified as plants or animals-now 6 kingdoms: Plants, Animals, Protists, Fungi, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria
After 1800’s: 5 characteristics that distinguish plants from other organisms
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7. 1. Plants are Multicellular Eukaryotes
Composed of many cells
Eukaryotes
Cells have a nucleus which contains the DNA
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8. 2. Almost all plants are capable of photosynthesis
Known as autotrophs
Make their own food
Distinguishes plants from mushrooms
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9. 3. Plants have cell walls composed of cellulose
Cellulose a.k.a. Fiber
A chain of glucose molecules
Gives structure and support to cell walls
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10. 4. Plants have 2 Adult forms
Spores
Reproductive cells that can reproduce asexually
Pollen and Egg
Pollen fertilizes egg to produce an embryo (seed) that develops into an adult
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12. 5. Plants have a multicellular embryo protected within the female parent
Prevents embryo from drying out
Distinguishes plants from algae (even though they have chlorophyll most algae are classified as kingdom Protista, blue- green is kingdom Monera)
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13. Some Plants We’ll Study
Gymnosperms
Non-flowering seed plants
Angiosperms
Flowering seed plants
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15. Plant Cell Diagram
Color all of the cell organelles, following the directions colors for each structure.
Write the function of the following parts on your diagram:
Cell wall, plasma (cell) membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus, chloroplast, mitochondrion, vacuole, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum
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16. Warm Up Recall the plant cell…
What 3 things make a plant cell different from an animal cell?
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17. Answers They make their own food No cell wall in animals
They contain chloroplasts
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18. Vascular Tissue System
What does “vascular” make you think of? Can you guess what this system does?
A continuous system of tissues that conduct water, minerals, and food
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19. Xylem
Brings water and mineral nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plants
Forms a tube for water transport
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21. Phloem
Moves sugars and other organic nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant
Photosynthesis takes place in the leaf, so the phloem transports it to where it’s needed
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23. Plants grow at Meristems!
Parts of the plant that grow through Cell Division!
Tips of roots, ends of branches
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25. Warm Up What part of a plant GROWS? The trunk, from the bottom up
The roots, from the top down
The branches, from the ends
The roots, from the tips
A & B
C & D
All of the above
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26. Leaf Characteristic Lab
Choose 5 different leaves to examine Draw a detailed diagram of each leaf.
What differences do you notice between the variety of leaves?
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