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Science 112: Brian Saunders Intertidal Communities
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Intertidal Stressors Water loss Heat balance Mechanical stress
Respiration Feeding Salinity stress Reproduction
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Resistance to Water Loss
Behavior Enclose body Seaweed tolerance
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Resistance to Overheating
Large body size Behavior Ridges and flutes Light color Water compartment Freezing is not as much of a problem
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Resistance to Mechanical Stress
Squat body form Streamline Flexible Sessile thick shell Mobile shelter
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Respiration Water reserve Vascularized mantle Operculum
Vascularized skin
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Other Adaptations Feeding Salinity stress Reproduction
Usually when submerged or at night Salinity stress Osmoconformers or use water reserve Reproduction Coordinated with tides (timing)
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Intertidal Zonation Distinctive bands of organisms Found globally
Causes?
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Intertidal Zonation Distinctive bands of organisms Found globally
Causes? Slope / exposure Emergence (critical tides?) Biological
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Intertidal Zonation An organisms distribution boundary
Upper limit set by physical tolerance Lower limit set by biological interactions
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Biological Interactions
What are the major ways species interact in the intertidal? Competition Predation Grazing Larval recruitment
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Grazing and Zonation Grazers select tasty species
Grazers have physical limits Grazers can affect algal morphology (bet-hedging)
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Algal Morphology Mastocarpus species Foliose form Crustose form
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Tide Pools Temperature, Salinity, Oxygen, Grazers
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Washington l Thursday, July 47°36.2'N122°20.4'W Marina Beach
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Grazers on the Beach
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Beach Hoppers
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Idotea isopod
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Periwinkle snails
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The Limpets
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The Chitons
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Purple & Green Shore Crab
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The hermit crabs
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Predators on the Beach
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The Whelks
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Lewis’ Moon Snail
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The Crabs
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Worms
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The Anemones
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The Sea stars
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