1. Toward a 5G Mobile & Wireless System Concept
METIS METIS
4/1/
Radio Access and Spectrum innovations for 5G
17th March 2014
Athens
Toward a 5G Mobile & Wireless System Concept
Prof. Nancy Alonistioti, NKUA
On Behalf Dr. Afif Osseiran
METIS Project Coordinator
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© Ericsson AB 2012

2. Content Introduction 5G Challenges & Scenarios
Toward a 5G System Concept

3. 5G mobile & wireless communications
METIS METIS
4/1/
Introduction
METIS (Nov. 2012)
The first stage of the 5G EU “missile”
Contributed to the IMT.VISION Doc.
Several global initiatives started in 2013
China, Japan & Korea
An incredible amount of Workshops & Events
Lay the foundation for
Build an early global consensus for
5G mobile & wireless communications
Two documents by ITU-R to pave the way for 5G
IMT.VISION (Jul. 2015)
Define the framework and overall objectives of IMT for 2020 and beyond to drive the future developments for IMT
IMT.FUTURE TECHNOLOGY TRENDS (Oct. 2014)
Provide a view of future IMT technology aspects & trends for and beyond
© Ericsson AB 2012

4. Pre-standardization activities Standardization activities
METIS METIS
4/1/
Introduction
METIS (Nov. 2012)
The first stage of the 5G EU “missile”
Contributed to the IMT.VISION Doc.
Lay the foundation for
Build an early global consensus for
5G mobile & wireless communications
Two documents by ITU-R to pave the way for 5G
IMT.VISION (Jul. 2015)
Define the framework and overall objectives of IMT for 2020 and beyond to drive the future developments for IMT
IMT.FUTURE TECHNOLOGY TRENDS (Oct. 2014)
Provide a view of future IMT technology aspects & trends for and beyond
Exploratory research
Pre-standardization activities
Standardization activities
Commercialization
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
WRC’12
WRC’15
WRC’18/19
© Ericsson AB 2012

5. 5G Challenges & Scenarios

6. 5G Challenges Traffic Volume Use cases Connected Devices &
4/1/
5G Challenges
Avalanche of
Traffic Volume
Large diversity of
Use cases
&
Requirements
Massive growth in
Connected Devices
Further expansion of mobile broadband
Additional traffic due to communicating machines
“Communicating machines”
Device-to-Device Communications
Car-to-Car Comm.
Challenges: Fundamental difficulties that should be addressed
New requirements and characteristics due to communicating machines
“1000x in ten years”
“50 billion devices in 2020” 6

7. METIS 5G Scenarios Super real-time and reliable connections
5G/METIS
METIS 5G Scenarios
Super real-time and reliable connections
Best experience follows you
Great Service in a crowd
Amazingly fast
Ubiquitous things communicating
Let me give you an overview of the Future scenarios identified by METIS. They are shown on the top of the 5G previously shown sphere/picture.
METIS has five major future scenarios based on five challenges
- “Amazingly fast” focuses on high data-rates for future mobile broadband users,
-“Great service in a crowd” focuses on mobile broadband experience even in the very crowded areas and conditions,
- “Best experience follows you” focuses on end-users on the move with high levels of experience, and
- “Super real-time and reliable connections” focuses on new applications and use cases with very strict requirements on latency and reliability.
“Ubiquitous things communicating” focuses on efficient handling of a very large number of devices (including e.g. machine type of devices, and sensors) with widely varying requirements,
bit-rate, delay
simple devices,
coverage
Accessibility, dense crowds
Accessibility,
mobility
delay, reliability
© Ericsson AB 2013 7

8. METIS Technical Objectives
5G/METIS
METIS Technical Objectives
1000x data volume
50/500 B devices
Up to 10Gbps
Few ms E2E
10 years
1000x higher mobile data volumes
10-100x higher number of connected devices
10-100x typical end-user data rates
5x lower latency
10x longer battery life for low-power devices
© Ericsson AB 2013 8

9. 5G Future
Integration of access technologies into one seamless experience
Evolution
and / or
and / or
Revolution
Complementary new technologies
D2D Communications
Massive MIMO
Ultra-Dense Networks
Respond to traffic explosion
Extend to novel applications
Ultra-Reliable Communications
10 x longer battery life
for low power M2M
Moving Networks
x higher typical user rate
x higher number of connected devices
Increase the fonts
1000 x higher mobile data volume per area
Massive Machine Communications
Higher Frequencies
5 x reduced E2E latency
Existing technologies in 2012 3G
Wifi 4G

10. METIS 5G Requirements Data rates 1-10Gbps (resp.100s of Mbps) Capacity
METIS METIS
4/1/
METIS 5G Requirements
Data rates
1-10Gbps (resp.100s of Mbps)
Capacity
36TB/month/user (resp. 500 GB)
Spectrum
Higher frequencies & flexibility
Ultra-dense
networks
Energy
~10% of today’s consumption
Latency reduction
~ 1ms (e.g. tactile internet)
Ultra Reliable
Comm.
D2D capabilities
NSPS, ITS, resilience, …
Reliability
High-level goals:
1000 times higher mobile data volume per area,
10 times to 100 times higher number of connected devices,
10 times to 100 times higher typical user data rate,
10 times longer battery life for low power Massive Machine Communication (MMC) devices,
5 times reduced End-to-End (E2E) latency.
Data rate: TC1 (Virtual reality office ): 1 Gbps, TC2 (Dense information society): 300 Mpbs DL
Capacity: TC1: 36 TB/month/subscriber, TC2: 500 GB/month/subscriber
Spectrum:
EP: 5GrEEn
Latency: TC5: 8ms, TC12: 5ms % reliability
Coverage:"wireless sensors/meters are located within areas of sparse coverage, e.g. forests, mountains, or within challenging propagation environments, e.g. in the basement of large buildings, it is required that link budget improvement of 20 [dB], as compared to 3GPP LTE Rel-11
#years on battery, #devices/area, cost: TC11
99.999% within time budget
Coverage
>20 dB of LTE (e.g. sensors)
Massive
Machines
Battery
~10 years
Devices per area
per access node
© Ericsson AB 2012

11. Spectrum Scenario: Future Landscape
90% Seminar - Spectrum sharing concept part II
Spectrum Scenario: Future Landscape
Dedicated licensed spectrum complemented with various forms of shared spectrum
In order to cope with the heavily increasing wireless data traffic in both human- and machine centric communications, radically more spectrum is needed for 5G system operation.
The future development of regulation and technology will create a complex landscape of spectrum availability and access. Multiple frequency bands, subject to different regulation including various forms of shared spectrum, are expected to be available to wireless communication systems. Hence, technology needs to be designed in a flexible way so that it is capable of operating under different regulatory models and sharing modes.
“Toolbox” of different sharing enablers required
In order for 5G system to work under such scenarios

12. Toward 5G Concept: Technology Components
Examples

13. Some 5G Technology Components
METIS METIS
4/1/
Some 5G Technology Components
300 MHz
3 GHz
30 GHz
300 GHz
New spectrum bands and access methods
Nomadic nodes
Lamp posts nodes
Bus stop
Buildings
Park area
Dense and moving networks Multi-hop wireless backhaul
VL-MIMO
Massive multi-antenna systems
Context-aware interference and mobility management
Air interfaces for new applications and reduced signaling
Mobile
Device-to-device
© Ericsson AB 2012

14. METIS 5G Concept
A user-centric 5G system concept that efficiently integrates:
the support of MMC and URC (ultra-reliable),
the support of scalable data rates including very high data rates,
the support of scalable data rates including very low latencies,
for service provision to both consumers and devices/machines.
The system that fulfils these requirements be flexible to provide different services at different times.
The system architecture must provide native support for extreme Mobile Broadband (MBB) communication, MMC, URC, D2D, MN, and UDN.

15. 5G Concept: development
Best effort
D2D
Critical
Architecture
Backhaul
Goals
Air Interface #1
1000x traffic
Direct
MMC
Gateway
Air Interface #2
100x rate
M2M
Backhaul to moving
100x devices MN
V2X
Nomadic nodes
Air Interface #N
10x battery
Backhaul
UDN
Air interface
This figure shows the mapping between goals, HTs, the HT clusters/aspects. It further indicates some of the commonalities (as also described by Petar) and possible new air interfaces to develop. Please note that the dashed lines are not complete, other cluster/aspects can be merged. Some cluster/aspects also map to architecture implementation, e.g., UDN and MN has implications to the RAN2.0 architecture (not shown in the figure)
Base Layer
5x lower latency
SON
URC-E
URC
URC-S
METIS Concept
URC-L

16. Useful Links
A. Osseiran et al, Scenarios for the 5G Mobile and Wireless Communications: the Vision of the METIS Project, IEEE Comm. Mag., May, To appear on
Deliverable D1.1, “Scenarios, requirements and KPIs for 5G mobile and wireless system”, June 2013
Deliverable D2.1, “Requirement analysis and design approaches for 5G air interface”, Sept. 2013
Deliverable D3.1, “Positioning of multi-node/multi-antenna transmission technologies”, Aug. 2013
Deliverable D5.1, “Intermediate description of the spectrum needs and usage principles”, Sep. 2013
Deliverable D4.1,“Summary on preliminary trade-off investigations and first set of potential network-level solutions”, Nov. 2013
Deliverable D6.1,“Simulation guidelines”, Nov. 2013
All deliverables can be downloaded from

18. Thank You

19. Back up Slides

20. Aggregation Network (local, regional, national)
METIS 5G Architecture
Amazingly Fast scenario
high data rates & network capacities
Ultra-Dense Networks (UDN)
ISD about 10 m
>= 1 radio nodes per room
Local break out & Distributed mobile core functions
Accelerated content delivery
Tech. Dependent
D2D, MMC (Massive Machine Comm.), Moving Networks (MN), UDN Ultra-reliable Comm. (URC)
Internet
MMC
D2D / URC MN
UDN
Aggregation Network (local, regional, national)
Massive MIMO
Wireless access
Wireless fronthaul
Wired fronthaul
Wired backhaul
Internet access
C-RAN
CoMP
Mobile Core – Centralized Functions
+ OAM
C-RAN + Mobile Core – Distributed Functions (incl. optional local breakout or CDN)
Macro radio node*
Small cell radio node*, e.g micro, (ultra-)pico, femto
Note: Indoor cells not shown! …
Centralized or distributed?
* Only Remote Radio Units (RRUs) assumed.
It is hard to pinpoint the detailed architecture for the society, but for sure we can identify some key trends that will influenece it:
(UDN, MMC + other METIS horizontal topic short overview)
Add the information that the people are expecting high performance from wireless broadband, comparable to fixed line sollutions, and that they expect it both at home, stadium and while commuting in a bus
A variety of solutions boosting the performance of the network already exist or are being developed (massive MIMO, CoMP etc). On the other hand the variety of use cases and high node densification will lead to a very flashy node activity pattern. In combination with the expect traffic avalanche foreseen for the next decade, solutions supporting energy efficient , scalable and flexible operations of the network infrastructure are a must.

21. Massive MIMO: CSI Error
Investigation points:
Example of contribution:
30 Gbps simulation using 11 GHz band measured 24x24 MIMO channel
Performance analysis of massive MIMO in higher frequency bands
Impact of CSI error and hardware impairments
Transmission scheme
24x24 MIMO-OFDM eigenmode
Signal bandwidth
400 MHz
Subcarrier spacing
195 kHz
Maximum bit rate
35.3 Gbps (64QAM, 3/4)
Measurement Environment/Data
12-element array with dual polarization
Omni-antenna (H) Antenna gain: 4 dBi
Take real world aspect.
Reference signal (for channel estimation) will go through the 3 sector: the main issue the interference
(Enabler: optimally distribute the power to the reference signal and data signal)
Sounder: based on a model
Measure the channel (D3.2 due in March 2014)
Over the air:
Analysis based on real channel measurements data
Investigation on compensation methods for hardware impairments
12-element array with dual polarization
Sector antenna
3 dB beamwidth.
Antenna gain: 15 dBi
* This channel measurement was conducted in Ishigaki City in partnership with Tokyo Inst. of Tech. in Japanese national project 21

22. Beyond Uplink & Downlink: two-way comm.
FBS
Traditionally, the design of the UL and the DL is decoupled
Wireless network coding allows optimization of the two-way communication instead of decoupling
FBS BS
FBS
Work at Layer at 2: to provide the BS by different choices, 2Ways relaying, allocate the (according to the needs), best policy (interference, date rate)
Red line is the fiber …
There are also push in the scientist community to separate UL/DL, Control & data

23. HT: Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication
METIS Negotiation METIS Negotiation METIS Hearing
METIS Negotiation METIS Hearing
METIS METIS
METIS Negotiation METIS Negotiation METIS Negotiation METIS Hearing
4/1/
4/1/2017
4/1/2017
4/1/2017
HT: Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication
Description: Controlled by the network, direct D2D communication allows direct communication between mobile devices and exchange data packets between devices locally
Objective: Integrate direct D2D operation modes as a part of the overall METIS systems
Motivation
End user benefits: Reduced power consumption; Increased throughput; Discovery of geographically close activities;
Operator benefits: Increased spectrum efficiency; Extended coverage; Growing number of devices to be connected in the future; Internet of Things
D2D Content sharing
Push shopping offer to users with D2D (general or personalized)
This one has too much information, and it is hard to follow
© Ericsson AB 2012 23 23 23 23