1. The English Monarchy

2. I. New Words
Parliament: a national representative body having the highest law-making ability powers within the state particularly in England.
Commonwealth: a nation governed by the people.
Constitutional monarchy: a monarchy in which the powers of the rulers are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nation.

3. II. Queen Elizabeth
Queen Elizabeth I was the daughter of Henry VIII and the sister of Mary I. She reigned for 45 years which began in 1558_when she was __25__years old. This was known as the _Elizabethan Age_. One of the most famous subjects was William Shakespeare.

4. III. The Parliament and England vs. Spain
In __1580_Elizabeth decided to support the ___Dutch Protestants__ in their war against Spain. The Spanish King _Phillip II__ wanted to stop this support by invading with an __armada_ or armed fleet of 130 warships. The English ships however were _faster__ and __easier__ to maneuver. The English ships also moved more __rapidly__. The Spanish were defeated and were no longer the strongest __sea power_.
However, before she could use any of the funds from the _treasury she needed approval from _Parliament.
Parliament was made of two _houses_; the ___House of Lords and the __of Commons__. The House of Lords were titled members of the __nobility_ who by birthright received an invitation_ to Parliament. The House of Commons was made up of merchants, landowners, and lawyers who were elected.
Parliament could disapprove taxes_or laws that the monarch wanted.

5. Parliament House and Statute to Charles II

6. House of Commons

7. House of Lords

8. Big Ben

9. IV. After Elizabeth
Elizabeth died in 1603 without an heir. The crown passed to her Protestant cousin James who ruled Scotland. James and Parliament clashed over his son Charles marrying a Catholic princess_. They hated Charles because he
Dismissed Parliament when they displeased him.
Persecuted Puritans.
Parliament and Charles _fought and eventually Parliament took control and the king fled. The caused the English Civil War.

10. The English Civil War The English Civil War and a New Ruler
After the English Civil War King Charles of England was _beheaded and Oliver Cromwell ruled and started the commonwealth because the group worked for the people.
However, when he got angry he dismissed then and started the Protectorate which he ruled as _Lord Protector_and military dictator.

11. Oliver Cromwell * Imposed _Puritan values Limited freedom of press_.
Strict _moral standards.
No gambling or horse racing
When Cromwell died in1658the Parliament who was weary of _Cromwell’s son, invited the executed King’s son Charles II_to come back.

12. The Glorious Revolution The “Restoration”
Charles II_ ruled peacefully for _25___ years. He died in _1685_______ and his son _James II______ took control and converted to __Catholicism_.
Parliament was _NOT happy_ about this! So behind James’ back, the Parliament asked James’ _first Protestant wife and husband __William of Orange____________________ and Mary to be rulers and King James II __fled______.
This was considered the Glorious Revolution_ because no blood was shed. This led to the constitutional monarchy_. This had joint rulers in which Parliament created and signed the Bill of Rights__. The constitutional monarchy also _limited_ the power of the English monarch. Parliament finally had direct political power over the government.

13. London-1616