1. Imperialism
Ch 21

2. The Beginning
As the Industrial Revolution spread throughout Europe, countries needed more resources to fuel their production needs.
As a results of their needs, European nations began to look at Africa and Asia as their sources for new materials.
Nations also began to compete for new markets for their goods.

3. Colonies in World 1800

4. Imperialism
Imperialism- the takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the political, economic, and social life of the people.
3 types of organizing territories
Colony-a territory governed by a foreign power
Protectorate-a territory that has its own government but is control by a foreign power
Sphere of Influence-a territory in which a country claims exclusive political or economic rights

5. Causes of Imperialism
In the mid to late 1800s, European nations started to have strong desires to create overseas empires.
Causes:
Desire for raw materials
Nationalism
Desire for new markets to sell produced goods
Racism
New technology gave Europeans the advantage
Military advantage, steam-powered boats, repeating rifles, machine guns, exploding shells
Weakening of great Asian and African empires

6. Think about it……..
Why would Europeans look to Africa and Asia as places to take over?

7. Race for Colonies
The race for colonies came for national pride and economic competition. Always a race to be #1.
Europeans viewed an empire(collection of a country’s colonies) as a measure of national greatness. The more the better.
Countries taken over during Imperialism were known as colonies.

8. Suez Canal
With the economic importance of the Nile River Valley(Egypt) and the development of steamships, gave Europeans the desire to build a canal to link the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea.
Canal built from
Once finished, Great Britain took an active interest in Egypt.
Countries no longer had to sail around Africa to get to India and Asia.

9. What countries did the Suez canal open up to Imperialism?

11. European Superiority
Because they had advanced technology, Europeans believed that they were better than other peoples.
Racism- the belief that one race is superior to others.
Non-Europeans were thought of as on a lower scale of cultural and physical and mental development.

12. Factors that Fueled Imperialism
Europeans were technologically superior
Better weapons, first machine gun-Maxim gun
Europeans were able to control their empire
Superior modes of transportation (steam engine and railroads) made travelling to and from colonies much simpler
Cure of Malaria
African and Asian countries could now be inhabited by Europeans where malaria and mosquitoes were known to be.
Lack of unity in the African nations

13. African Map in 1914

14. What does this cartoon say to you?