1. Body Systems Anatomy = the study of the parts of the body.
Physiology = how your body parts function.

2. Anatomical Position
Standing erect with face forward, arms at the side, and palms facing forward.
Is this person standing in the anatomical position?

3. Anatomic Terminology Anterior or Ventral = Front of the body.
Anter = front
Ventr = belly
ior = pertaining to.
al = pertaining to.

4. Posterior or Dorsal
Back or in back of.
Poster = back
Dors = back

5. Cranial
Refers to the head of the body.
Crani = skull (cranium)

6. Caudal
Tail end.
Caud = tail

7. Superior
Upper or above something.
Super = upper, above.

8. Inferior
Lower or below something.
Infer = lower, below

9. Toward The Middle Medi = middle
Medial
Toward
The
Middle
Medi = middle

10. Lateral
Toward
The
Side of
Body
Later = side

11. Proximal Toward the point of attachment to the body .
Proxim = near, nearest.

12. Distal Away from the point of attachment to the body.
Dist = far, farthest

13. Superficial
External
Near the surface or outside of the body.

14. Deep
Internal.
Inside the body.

15. Body Planes and Sections
Plane = imaginary anatomical dividing planes (lines).
Section = cut made through the body in the direction of a certain plane.

16. Sagittal Plane Divides the body into right and left sides.
Sagitta = arrow

17. Coronal or Frontal Plane
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
Coronal = crown
Front = front

18. Transverse Plane Divides the body into upper and lower sections.
Trans = through, across.

19. Cavities of the Body (Body Cavities)
Dorsal Cavity = contains the brain and spinal cord.
Cranial Cavity = contains the brain.
Spinal Cavity = contains the spinal cord.

20. Anterior or Ventral Cavity
Contains the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities.

21. Thoracic Cavity
Contains the heart and lungs.

22. Diaphragm

23. Abdominal Cavity Under the diaphragm.
Contains the stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and intestines.

24. Pelvic Cavity
Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.

25. Abdominopelvic Cavity Regions
A patient may have pain in a certain area of their abdominopelvic cavity and it will be important for you to know the names of the different areas.
Please get out a sheet of paper so that we may label these areas and play tic-tac-toe to help you remember the areas.

26. Abdominopelvic Regions

27. Tissues of the Body
Tissues = cells group together because they are similar in shape, size, structure, and function.
When cells group together, this is called a tissue.
Tissues group together to form organs.
Organs group together to form systems.

28. Epithelial Tissue
Protects the body by covering internal and external surfaces, and produces secretions.

29. Connective Tissue Supports and connects organs and tissues.
Examples are: Adipose tissue, Ligaments, Tendons, and Cartilage.

30. Muscle Tissue
Has the ability to contract and move the body.

31. Nervous Tissue
Cells that react to stimuli and conduct an impulse.

32. Membranes Formed by putting layers of tissue together.
Examples are: Mucous Membranes, and Serous Membranes.

33. Mucous Membranes
Line areas that have an opening to the outside of the body.
Produces mucous to lubricate and protect the lining.
Lines digestive, respiratory, reproductive and urinary systems.

34. Serous Membranes Double walled membranes.
Produces a watery fluid to reduce friction, called serous fluid.
Lines closed body cavities.
Examples: Pleural Membrane, Pericardial Membrane, and Peritoneal Membrane.

35. Serous Membranes continued
Because Serous Membranes are double walled, we must name both their walls.
Parietal membrane is the outer layer.
Visceral membrane is the inner layer.

36. Serous Membranes

37. The End