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Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments

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1 Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments
The 4th UK Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Conference Henrik Tunfors Senior advisor

2 International Maritime Organization
1948 Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO), changed to IMO in 1982 The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 Governance and organization structure: Assembly Council Main Committees (MSC, MEPC, LEG, FAL) Sub-Committees Member States and International Organizations (IGOs, NGOs etc.)

3 Looking back… MSC VIII (March 1964)…

4 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
The ninety-eighth session of the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 98), agreed to work on a "Regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)", with a target completion year of 2020.

5 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Why? The Organization should be proactive and take a leading role on this issue To review IMO’s international regulatory framework and Determine which provisions apply or not to MASS and may preclude or not MASS operations (as currently drafted) Identify gaps or issues and analyse the best way to address.

6 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
MSC 98–100 (June 2017–December 2018) The need to take into consideration the human element and legal aspects Not a “drafting exercise” The work on MASS should be user-driven and not technology driven LEG 105 (April 2018) RSE with a target completion year of 2023 for LEG instruments. MSC to take a coordinating role.

7 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – definition For the purpose of the regulatory scoping exercise, MASS is defined as: “a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction”

8 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – degrees of autonomy Ship with automated processes and decision support Remotely controlled ship with seafarers on board Remotely controlled ship without seafarers on board Fully autonomous ship.

9 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – methodology – the 2 steps First step: to identify provisions in IMO instruments which, as currently drafted: First step “regulation by regulation” Second step: to analyse and determine the most appropriate way of addressing MASS operations, taking into account, inter alia, human element, technology and operational factors by: Second step “high level”.

10 IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS Framework – documentation step 1

11 Instruments to be considered
COLREGs 1972 CSC 1972 LL 1966 LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 SOLAS 1974 SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 STCW 1978 STCW-F 1995 STP 1971 SPACE STP 1973 TONNAGE 1969 …and Codes. MARPOL 73/78 FAL 1972 SUA 2005 SALVAGE 1989 OPRC 1990 CLC 1969 NUCLEAR 1971 HNS 1996 …

12 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Timeline for the regulatory scoping exercise (MSC) First step: January-April-September 2019 Inter-Sessional Working Group September 2019 Second step: October-December 2019 MSC 102 Final consideration: May 2020

13 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments and volunteering States Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS 1974 Chapter II-1 All France Sweden, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Chapter II-2 Japan Chapter III Netherlands Belgium Chapter IV Turkey China, Japan Chapter V China Denmark, Japan, Singapore Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter IX Norway China, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation Chapter XI-1 Finland Chapter XI-2

14 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments cont’d Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 SOLAS PROT 1988 STCW 1978 and STCW Code All United States Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, STCW-F 1995 Japan New Zealand COLREG 1972 Marshall Islands China, Japan, Singapore, United States CSC 1972 Finland LL 1966 India LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 Spain, France Turkey SPACE STP 1973 STP 1971 TONNAGE 1969

15 Summing up and final remarks
Regulatory scoping exercise on Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) High level exercise Deadlines 2020/2023 so far MSC, LEG --- MEPC, FAL? Participation of all stakeholders is required: IMO, ship owners, industry, Administrations, shore services, other international organizations, amongst others MSC 101 to consider proposals related to the development of guidance for MASS trials.

16 Thank you for your attention!
Questions?

17 The Swedish Transport Agency
We enable the travel and transport needs of tomorrow

18 Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments
The 4th UK Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Conference Henrik Tunfors Senior advisor

19 International Maritime Organization
1948 Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO), changed to IMO in 1982 The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 Governance and organization structure: Assembly Council Main Committees (MSC, MEPC, LEG, FAL) Sub-Committees Member States and International Organizations (IGOs, NGOs etc.)

20 Looking back… MSC VIII (March 1964)…

21 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
The ninety-eighth session of the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 98), agreed to work on a "Regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)", with a target completion year of 2020.

22 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Why? The Organization should be proactive and take a leading role on this issue To review IMO’s international regulatory framework and Determine which provisions apply or not to MASS and may preclude or not MASS operations (as currently drafted) Identify gaps or issues and analyse the best way to address.

23 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
MSC 98–100 (June 2017–December 2018) The need to take into consideration the human element and legal aspects Not a “drafting exercise” The work on MASS should be user-driven and not technology driven LEG 105 (April 2018) RSE with a target completion year of 2023 for LEG instruments. MSC to take a coordinating role.

24 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – definition For the purpose of the regulatory scoping exercise, MASS is defined as: “a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction”

25 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – degrees of autonomy Ship with automated processes and decision support Remotely controlled ship with seafarers on board Remotely controlled ship without seafarers on board Fully autonomous ship.

26 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – methodology – the 2 steps First step: to identify provisions in IMO instruments which, as currently drafted: First step “regulation by regulation” Second step: to analyse and determine the most appropriate way of addressing MASS operations, taking into account, inter alia, human element, technology and operational factors by: Second step “high level”.

27 IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS Framework – documentation step 1

28 Instruments to be considered
COLREGs 1972 CSC 1972 LL 1966 LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 SOLAS 1974 SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 STCW 1978 STCW-F 1995 STP 1971 SPACE STP 1973 TONNAGE 1969 …and Codes. MARPOL 73/78 FAL 1972 SUA 2005 SALVAGE 1989 OPRC 1990 CLC 1969 NUCLEAR 1971 HNS 1996 …

29 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Timeline for the regulatory scoping exercise (MSC) First step: January-April-September 2019 Inter-Sessional Working Group September 2019 Second step: October-December 2019 MSC 102 Final consideration: May 2020

30 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments and volunteering States Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS 1974 Chapter II-1 All France Sweden, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Chapter II-2 Japan Chapter III Netherlands Belgium Chapter IV Turkey China, Japan Chapter V China Denmark, Japan, Singapore Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter IX Norway China, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation Chapter XI-1 Finland Chapter XI-2

31 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments cont’d Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 SOLAS PROT 1988 STCW 1978 and STCW Code All United States Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, STCW-F 1995 Japan New Zealand COLREG 1972 Marshall Islands China, Japan, Singapore, United States CSC 1972 Finland LL 1966 India LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 Spain, France Turkey SPACE STP 1973 STP 1971 TONNAGE 1969

32 Summing up and final remarks
Regulatory scoping exercise on Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) High level exercise Deadlines 2020/2023 so far MSC, LEG --- MEPC, FAL? Participation of all stakeholders is required: IMO, ship owners, industry, Administrations, shore services, other international organizations, amongst others MSC 101 to consider proposals related to the development of guidance for MASS trials.

33 Thank you for your attention!
Questions?

34 The Swedish Transport Agency
We enable the travel and transport needs of tomorrow

35 Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments
The 4th UK Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Conference Henrik Tunfors Senior advisor

36 International Maritime Organization
1948 Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO), changed to IMO in 1982 The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 Governance and organization structure: Assembly Council Main Committees (MSC, MEPC, LEG, FAL) Sub-Committees Member States and International Organizations (IGOs, NGOs etc.)

37 Looking back… MSC VIII (March 1964)…

38 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
The ninety-eighth session of the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 98), agreed to work on a "Regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)", with a target completion year of 2020.

39 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Why? The Organization should be proactive and take a leading role on this issue To review IMO’s international regulatory framework and Determine which provisions apply or not to MASS and may preclude or not MASS operations (as currently drafted) Identify gaps or issues and analyse the best way to address.

40 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
MSC 98–100 (June 2017–December 2018) The need to take into consideration the human element and legal aspects Not a “drafting exercise” The work on MASS should be user-driven and not technology driven LEG 105 (April 2018) RSE with a target completion year of 2023 for LEG instruments. MSC to take a coordinating role.

41 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – definition For the purpose of the regulatory scoping exercise, MASS is defined as: “a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction”

42 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – degrees of autonomy Ship with automated processes and decision support Remotely controlled ship with seafarers on board Remotely controlled ship without seafarers on board Fully autonomous ship.

43 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – methodology – the 2 steps First step: to identify provisions in IMO instruments which, as currently drafted: First step “regulation by regulation” Second step: to analyse and determine the most appropriate way of addressing MASS operations, taking into account, inter alia, human element, technology and operational factors by: Second step “high level”.

44 IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS Framework – documentation step 1

45 Instruments to be considered
COLREGs 1972 CSC 1972 LL 1966 LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 SOLAS 1974 SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 STCW 1978 STCW-F 1995 STP 1971 SPACE STP 1973 TONNAGE 1969 …and Codes. MARPOL 73/78 FAL 1972 SUA 2005 SALVAGE 1989 OPRC 1990 CLC 1969 NUCLEAR 1971 HNS 1996 …

46 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Timeline for the regulatory scoping exercise (MSC) First step: January-April-September 2019 Inter-Sessional Working Group September 2019 Second step: October-December 2019 MSC 102 Final consideration: May 2020

47 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments and volunteering States Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS 1974 Chapter II-1 All France Sweden, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Chapter II-2 Japan Chapter III Netherlands Belgium Chapter IV Turkey China, Japan Chapter V China Denmark, Japan, Singapore Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter IX Norway China, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation Chapter XI-1 Finland Chapter XI-2

48 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments cont’d Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 SOLAS PROT 1988 STCW 1978 and STCW Code All United States Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, STCW-F 1995 Japan New Zealand COLREG 1972 Marshall Islands China, Japan, Singapore, United States CSC 1972 Finland LL 1966 India LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 Spain, France Turkey SPACE STP 1973 STP 1971 TONNAGE 1969

49 Summing up and final remarks
Regulatory scoping exercise on Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) High level exercise Deadlines 2020/2023 so far MSC, LEG --- MEPC, FAL? Participation of all stakeholders is required: IMO, ship owners, industry, Administrations, shore services, other international organizations, amongst others MSC 101 to consider proposals related to the development of guidance for MASS trials.

50 Thank you for your attention!
Questions?

51 The Swedish Transport Agency
We enable the travel and transport needs of tomorrow

52 Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments
The 4th UK Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Conference Henrik Tunfors Senior advisor

53 International Maritime Organization
1948 Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO), changed to IMO in 1982 The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 Governance and organization structure: Assembly Council Main Committees (MSC, MEPC, LEG, FAL) Sub-Committees Member States and International Organizations (IGOs, NGOs etc.)

54 Looking back… MSC VIII (March 1964)…

55 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
The ninety-eighth session of the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 98), agreed to work on a "Regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)", with a target completion year of 2020.

56 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Why? The Organization should be proactive and take a leading role on this issue To review IMO’s international regulatory framework and Determine which provisions apply or not to MASS and may preclude or not MASS operations (as currently drafted) Identify gaps or issues and analyse the best way to address.

57 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
MSC 98–100 (June 2017–December 2018) The need to take into consideration the human element and legal aspects Not a “drafting exercise” The work on MASS should be user-driven and not technology driven LEG 105 (April 2018) RSE with a target completion year of 2023 for LEG instruments. MSC to take a coordinating role.

58 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – definition For the purpose of the regulatory scoping exercise, MASS is defined as: “a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction”

59 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – degrees of autonomy Ship with automated processes and decision support Remotely controlled ship with seafarers on board Remotely controlled ship without seafarers on board Fully autonomous ship.

60 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – methodology – the 2 steps First step: to identify provisions in IMO instruments which, as currently drafted: First step “regulation by regulation” Second step: to analyse and determine the most appropriate way of addressing MASS operations, taking into account, inter alia, human element, technology and operational factors by: Second step “high level”.

61 IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS Framework – documentation step 1

62 Instruments to be considered
COLREGs 1972 CSC 1972 LL 1966 LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 SOLAS 1974 SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 STCW 1978 STCW-F 1995 STP 1971 SPACE STP 1973 TONNAGE 1969 …and Codes. MARPOL 73/78 FAL 1972 SUA 2005 SALVAGE 1989 OPRC 1990 CLC 1969 NUCLEAR 1971 HNS 1996 …

63 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Timeline for the regulatory scoping exercise (MSC) First step: January-April-September 2019 Inter-Sessional Working Group September 2019 Second step: October-December 2019 MSC 102 Final consideration: May 2020

64 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments and volunteering States Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS 1974 Chapter II-1 All France Sweden, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Chapter II-2 Japan Chapter III Netherlands Belgium Chapter IV Turkey China, Japan Chapter V China Denmark, Japan, Singapore Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter IX Norway China, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation Chapter XI-1 Finland Chapter XI-2

65 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments cont’d Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 SOLAS PROT 1988 STCW 1978 and STCW Code All United States Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, STCW-F 1995 Japan New Zealand COLREG 1972 Marshall Islands China, Japan, Singapore, United States CSC 1972 Finland LL 1966 India LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 Spain, France Turkey SPACE STP 1973 STP 1971 TONNAGE 1969

66 Summing up and final remarks
Regulatory scoping exercise on Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) High level exercise Deadlines 2020/2023 so far MSC, LEG --- MEPC, FAL? Participation of all stakeholders is required: IMO, ship owners, industry, Administrations, shore services, other international organizations, amongst others MSC 101 to consider proposals related to the development of guidance for MASS trials.

67 Thank you for your attention!
Questions?

68 The Swedish Transport Agency
We enable the travel and transport needs of tomorrow

69 Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments
The 4th UK Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Conference Henrik Tunfors Senior advisor

70 International Maritime Organization
1948 Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO), changed to IMO in 1982 The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 Governance and organization structure: Assembly Council Main Committees (MSC, MEPC, LEG, FAL) Sub-Committees Member States and International Organizations (IGOs, NGOs etc.)

71 Looking back… MSC VIII (March 1964)…

72 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
The ninety-eighth session of the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 98), agreed to work on a "Regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)", with a target completion year of 2020.

73 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Why? The Organization should be proactive and take a leading role on this issue To review IMO’s international regulatory framework and Determine which provisions apply or not to MASS and may preclude or not MASS operations (as currently drafted) Identify gaps or issues and analyse the best way to address.

74 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
MSC 98–100 (June 2017–December 2018) The need to take into consideration the human element and legal aspects Not a “drafting exercise” The work on MASS should be user-driven and not technology driven LEG 105 (April 2018) RSE with a target completion year of 2023 for LEG instruments. MSC to take a coordinating role.

75 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – definition For the purpose of the regulatory scoping exercise, MASS is defined as: “a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction”

76 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – degrees of autonomy Ship with automated processes and decision support Remotely controlled ship with seafarers on board Remotely controlled ship without seafarers on board Fully autonomous ship.

77 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – methodology – the 2 steps First step: to identify provisions in IMO instruments which, as currently drafted: First step “regulation by regulation” Second step: to analyse and determine the most appropriate way of addressing MASS operations, taking into account, inter alia, human element, technology and operational factors by: Second step “high level”.

78 IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS Framework – documentation step 1

79 Instruments to be considered
COLREGs 1972 CSC 1972 LL 1966 LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 SOLAS 1974 SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 STCW 1978 STCW-F 1995 STP 1971 SPACE STP 1973 TONNAGE 1969 …and Codes. MARPOL 73/78 FAL 1972 SUA 2005 SALVAGE 1989 OPRC 1990 CLC 1969 NUCLEAR 1971 HNS 1996 …

80 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Timeline for the regulatory scoping exercise (MSC) First step: January-April-September 2019 Inter-Sessional Working Group September 2019 Second step: October-December 2019 MSC 102 Final consideration: May 2020

81 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments and volunteering States Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS 1974 Chapter II-1 All France Sweden, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Chapter II-2 Japan Chapter III Netherlands Belgium Chapter IV Turkey China, Japan Chapter V China Denmark, Japan, Singapore Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter IX Norway China, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation Chapter XI-1 Finland Chapter XI-2

82 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments cont’d Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 SOLAS PROT 1988 STCW 1978 and STCW Code All United States Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, STCW-F 1995 Japan New Zealand COLREG 1972 Marshall Islands China, Japan, Singapore, United States CSC 1972 Finland LL 1966 India LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 Spain, France Turkey SPACE STP 1973 STP 1971 TONNAGE 1969

83 Summing up and final remarks
Regulatory scoping exercise on Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) High level exercise Deadlines 2020/2023 so far MSC, LEG --- MEPC, FAL? Participation of all stakeholders is required: IMO, ship owners, industry, Administrations, shore services, other international organizations, amongst others MSC 101 to consider proposals related to the development of guidance for MASS trials.

84 Thank you for your attention!
Questions?

85 The Swedish Transport Agency
We enable the travel and transport needs of tomorrow

86 Regulatory Scoping Exercise of IMO instruments
The 4th UK Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Conference Henrik Tunfors Senior advisor

87 International Maritime Organization
1948 Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO), changed to IMO in 1982 The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 Governance and organization structure: Assembly Council Main Committees (MSC, MEPC, LEG, FAL) Sub-Committees Member States and International Organizations (IGOs, NGOs etc.)

88 Looking back… MSC VIII (March 1964)…

89 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
The ninety-eighth session of the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 98), agreed to work on a "Regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)", with a target completion year of 2020.

90 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Why? The Organization should be proactive and take a leading role on this issue To review IMO’s international regulatory framework and Determine which provisions apply or not to MASS and may preclude or not MASS operations (as currently drafted) Identify gaps or issues and analyse the best way to address.

91 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
MSC 98–100 (June 2017–December 2018) The need to take into consideration the human element and legal aspects Not a “drafting exercise” The work on MASS should be user-driven and not technology driven LEG 105 (April 2018) RSE with a target completion year of 2023 for LEG instruments. MSC to take a coordinating role.

92 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – definition For the purpose of the regulatory scoping exercise, MASS is defined as: “a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction”

93 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – degrees of autonomy Ship with automated processes and decision support Remotely controlled ship with seafarers on board Remotely controlled ship without seafarers on board Fully autonomous ship.

94 Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Framework – methodology – the 2 steps First step: to identify provisions in IMO instruments which, as currently drafted: First step “regulation by regulation” Second step: to analyse and determine the most appropriate way of addressing MASS operations, taking into account, inter alia, human element, technology and operational factors by: Second step “high level”.

95 IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Autonomous ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS Framework – documentation step 1

96 Instruments to be considered
COLREGs 1972 CSC 1972 LL 1966 LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 SOLAS 1974 SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 STCW 1978 STCW-F 1995 STP 1971 SPACE STP 1973 TONNAGE 1969 …and Codes. MARPOL 73/78 FAL 1972 SUA 2005 SALVAGE 1989 OPRC 1990 CLC 1969 NUCLEAR 1971 HNS 1996 …

97 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
Timeline for the regulatory scoping exercise (MSC) First step: January-April-September 2019 Inter-Sessional Working Group September 2019 Second step: October-December 2019 MSC 102 Final consideration: May 2020

98 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments and volunteering States Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS 1974 Chapter II-1 All France Sweden, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Chapter II-2 Japan Chapter III Netherlands Belgium Chapter IV Turkey China, Japan Chapter V China Denmark, Japan, Singapore Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter IX Norway China, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation Chapter XI-1 Finland Chapter XI-2

99 Autonomous/Smart ships IMO’s regulatory scoping exercise on MASS
List of instruments cont’d Instrument Chapter/ Section Degree of autonomy Member State preparing the initial review Supporting/assisting SOLAS AGR 1996 SOLAS PROT 1978 SOLAS PROT 1988 STCW 1978 and STCW Code All United States Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, STCW-F 1995 Japan New Zealand COLREG 1972 Marshall Islands China, Japan, Singapore, United States CSC 1972 Finland LL 1966 India LL PROT 1988 SAR 1979 Spain, France Turkey SPACE STP 1973 STP 1971 TONNAGE 1969

100 Summing up and final remarks
Regulatory scoping exercise on Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) High level exercise Deadlines 2020/2023 so far MSC, LEG --- MEPC, FAL? Participation of all stakeholders is required: IMO, ship owners, industry, Administrations, shore services, other international organizations, amongst others MSC 101 to consider proposals related to the development of guidance for MASS trials.

101 Thank you for your attention!
Questions?

102 The Swedish Transport Agency
We enable the travel and transport needs of tomorrow

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