1. Harlem Renaissance

2. Great Migration

3. African American Goals
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
led protests against violence that they faced
worked to abolish segregation and discrimination
housing, education employment, voting and transportation
W.E.B Du Bois: led massive march in NYC to protest against violence
James Weldon Johnson
led the fight for legislation to protect civil rights

4. Marcus Garvey and UNIA
separate society, be proud of their race, return to Africa
Founded the black star line
Founded Negro Factories Corporation: economic independence
Found Universal Negro Improvement Association

5. African Americans moved to harlem: making largest community w/ S
African Americans moved to harlem: making largest community w/ S. migrants
Negatives:
overcrowded, poverty, and unemployment
literary and artistic movement that celebrated Black culture.
“New Negro Movement”
saw rise of literature art music
led to the civil rights movements in 40s-60s

6. African American Writers
consisted well-educated middle class people
work express pride in African American experience
also the struggles in living in a white world

7. Claude McKay novelist and poet resisting prejudice and discrimination
poems expressed pain of life in black ghettos and struggle in a white world

8. If we must die, let it not be like hogs
Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot,
While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs,
Making their mock at our accursèd lot.
If we must die, O let us nobly die,
So that our precious blood may not be shed
In vain; then even the monsters we defy
Shall be constrained to honor us though dead!
O kinsmen! we must meet the common foe!
Though far outnumbered let us show us brave,
And for their thousand blows deal one death-blow!
What though before us lies the open grave?
Like men we’ll face the murderous, cowardly pack,
Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back!

9. Zora Hurston
her writings portrayed lives of the poor unschooled southern blacks
celebrated simple folkways and values of people who survived slavery

10. Langston Hughes
described the difficulties of lives of work-class African Americans
His poems moved to the tempo of jazz music

12. Jazz
elements of: ragtime, brass-band marches, minstrel numbers, and blues
originated in New Orleans in 1890
Chicago became the nation’s jazz center
attracted African Americans and Whites
gave opportunities for African Americans to be record
largely excluded from performing on radio

13. Cotton Club created the club around a plantation environment
only people allowed were whites
entertainers and staff were black
orchestra had a jungle theme
Many African Americans gained stardom from performing here
Duke Ellington
Cab Calloway

15. Duke Ellington produced some of the greatest jazz music
East St. Louis Toodle Oo
Mood Indigo
Rocking in Rhythm
music played on the radio all over U.S

16. East St. Louis Toodle-Oo

17. Cab Calloway Famous song “Minnie the Moocher”
contained call and response chorus
well known for his:
energy on stage
signature tux
involving the audience

18. Minnie the Moocher

19. Louis Armstrong famous for sense of rhythm and ability to improvise
personal expression key part to jazz
revolutionized jazz with extended solos

22. Bessie Smith most famous female blues artist outstanding vocals
became the highest paid black artist of the decade

24. Sobbin Heart Blues ft. Louis Armstrong