1. No Structural Signposts: Afterload-Dependent Mitral Regurgitation
David Furfaro, MD, Karly Murphy, MD, Jordan Chaisson, MD, Jose Madrazo, MD, Sammy Zakaria, MD, MPH 
The American Journal of Medicine 
Volume 129, Issue 8, Pages (August 2016)
DOI: /j.amjmed
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
The patient underwent transesophageal echocardiogram. (A) A 2-chamber view showed a structurally normal mitral valve at baseline with normal coaptation of leaflets. (B) The long-axis view provided the same findings. (C) A 2-chamber view with color Doppler demonstrated mild mitral regurgitation at baseline and no mitral valve prolapse or flail leaflets. (D) The same results were obtained on a long-axis view with color Doppler.
The American Journal of Medicine  , DOI: ( /j.amjmed )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Provocative testing during a transthoracic echocardiogram revealed mild to moderate mitral regurgitation at baseline (1A) and severe mitral regurgitation with infusion of 0.2 μg/kg/min of norepinephrine (2A). Right ventricular systolic pressure increased from 26 mm Hg at baseline (1B) to 88 mm Hg with norepinephrine infusion (2B). Systolic flow reversal developed in the pulmonary veins with norepinephrine infusion (1C and 2C).
The American Journal of Medicine  , DOI: ( /j.amjmed )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions