1. Prof.ssa Antonella Azzone Prof. Francesco Cirrottola
10° Conferenza dei Progetti del Centro Fermi – Torino – Marzo 2019
Referent Teachers:
Prof.ssa Antonella Azzone
Prof. Francesco Cirrottola
Prof. Michele Somma
Students:
Giacomo Fortunato
Alessio Maurelli
Bitetto - Bari

2. A group of 40 students of “Liceo Amaldi’’ have taken part to the “Extreme Energy Events” project for three years. They are studying the telescopes’ data collected at other schools.
In January 2019 two teachers and ten students of our school went to CERN, in Geneva, to build the MRPC chambers of the telescope, which is going to be installed in our school.

3. To measure the angular distribution of cosmic rays.
Goals of our analysis
To measure the angular distribution of cosmic rays.
To measure the speed of cosmic ray muons.
Software used:
Lazarus
Excel
Root

4. to replace in a file .CSV the decimal point with a comma.
Lazarus is a multi purpose didactic software. We used it to created this tools
to replace in a file .CSV the decimal point with a comma.

5. To study the cosmic ray muons speed:
 We have computed the muons speed as the ratio TrackOfLength / TimeOfFlight (cm/ns)  We have created a frequency histogram of the speed distribution.  We have compared this histogram with a gaussian function.

6. We analyzed data from different telescopes
during the period January 2019 :
ALTA-01
BARI-01
CAGL-01
CAGL-03
CERN-01
CERN-02
FRAS-01
FRAS-03

7. 1 032 614 data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns Mean 27,73 cm/ns
ALTA-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Mean 27,73 cm/ns
RMS 2,92 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 3 946
(Count.if t=0) = 28
RMS 2,45 cm/ns

8. 1 037 610 data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns Mean 28,00 cm/ns
BARI-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Mean 28,00 cm/ns
RMS 3,72 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 1 879
(Count.if t=0) = 16
RMS 3,3 cm/ns

9. (Count.if positive data) =
CAGL-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [-43 ; -14] cm/ns
Mean -29,07 cm/ns
RMS 3,55 cm/ns
(Count.if positive data) =
= 5854
(Count.if t=0) = 18
RMS 3,2 cm/ns

10. (Count.if positive data) =
CAGL-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [-43 ; -14] cm/ns
Mean -29,07 cm/ns
RMS 3,55 cm/ns
(Count.if positive data) =
= 5854
(Count.if t=0) = 18
Similar results
CAGL-01from to
CAGL-01from to
Maybe the first chamber of this telescope has been substituted for the third one...
RMS 3,2 cm/ns

11. 991 652 data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns Mean 32,35cm/ns
CAGL-03from to
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Mean 32,35cm/ns
RMS 3,82 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) = =
(Count.if t=0) = 78
RMS 3,4 cm/ns

12. 1 006 591 data included in the range [4 ; 33] cm/ns Mean 16,77cm/ns
CERN-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [4 ; 33] cm/ns
Mean 16,77cm/ns
RMS 1,55 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 4 436
(Count.if t=0) = 6
RMS 1,3 cm/ns

13. 1 006 591 data included in the range [4 ; 33] cm/ns Mean 16,77cm/ns
CERN-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [4 ; 33] cm/ns
Mean 16,77cm/ns
RMS 1,55 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 4 436
(Count.if t=0) = 6
Why is the speed so low?
Maybe it is because this telescope is used to test the chambers already built …
RMS 1,3 cm/ns

14. 947 323 data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns Media 29,58 cm/ns
CERN-02from to
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Media 29,58 cm/ns
Dev. Stand. 5,43 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 5 410
(Count.if t=0) = 69
RMS 5,3 cm/ns

15. Similar results CERN-02from2019-01-17to2019-01-18
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Media 29,58 cm/ns
Dev. Stand. 5,43 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 5 410
(Count.if t=0) = 69
Similar results
CERN-02from to
RMS 5,3 cm/ns

16. 59 030 data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns Media 31,32 cm/ns
FRAS-01from to
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Media 31,32 cm/ns
Dev. Stand. 5,46 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) = 0
(Count.if t=0) = 0
RMS 5,3 cm/ns

17. 1 026 928 data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns Media 25,65cm/ns
FRAS-03from to
imported data
data included in the range [14 ; 43] cm/ns
Media 25,65cm/ns
Dev. Stand. 3,82 cm/ns
(Count.if negative data) =
= 3 410
(Count.if t=0) = 71
RMS 3,25 cm/ns

18. Gaussians in comparison The height of the curve indicates the number of good events.   The centroid of the gaussian curve is the average speedof muons

19. Conclusions
The centroid of the gaussian curve is the average speed of cosmic rays muons.
We found a value very close to the speed of light, about 28,5 – 29,5 cm/ns.
The distribution is not perfectly a Gaussian function.
It has a “tail” on the right.
In the data sample we found negative values of the speed, due to upward going particles.