1. Sensory Cranial Nerves

2. Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Special Sense Nerves
I,II,VIII
Somatic Motor Nerves
Eye—III,IV,VI
Tongue--XII
“Rest of body” nerves
IX,X,XI
Face and jaws
VII, V
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 1

4. Nerve “targets” in head
SENSORY
Special General
Smell skin
Vision teeth
Hearing eye
tongue
oral cavity
nasal cavity
middle ear
throat
meninges
MOTOR
Muscles Glands
eyes salivary
extrinsic sweat
intrinsic lacrimal
jaws mucous
facial expression
larynx
tongue
throat
ear
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 3

5. Base of the skull—cranial nerves out
Ethmoid (olfactory)
I. Olfactory
Sphenoid (optic)
II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
VI. Abducens
Temporal (otic)
VII. Acoustic/Auditory/
Vestibulocochlear
Face/Jaws
V. Trigeminal
VII. Facial
Throat (rest of body)
IX Glossopharyngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Spinal Accessory
XII. Hypoglosal
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 4

6. Cranial nerves

7. Cranial nerves

8. Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Special Sense Nerves
Internal auditory meatus (temporal)
Inner ear
VIII. Auditory
Optic canal (sphenoid)
Retina
II. Optic
Cribiform plate (ethmoid)
Olfactory epithelium
I. Olfactory
EXIT FROM CRANIAL CAVITY
TARGET
NERVE
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 5

9. Somatic Motor Nerves (eye muscles and tongue)
EXIT CR. CAVITY
TARGET
NERVE
Hypoglossal canal
(occipital)
Intrinsic, extrinsic mm. of tongue
XII. Hypoglossal “
Sup.,med.,inf.rectus
Inferior Oblique
Levator palpebrae superioris
III. Oculomotor
(Also parasympathetic to ciliary mm, constrictor pupillae)
Lateral rectus
VI. Abducens
Sup. Orbital fissure (sphenoid)
Superior oblique m. (with trochlea)
IV. Trochlear
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 7

10. “Rest of body” nerves (all exit from jugular foramen)
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 11

11. Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves18

12. Cranial Nerves I: Olfactory II: Optic III: Oculomotor IV: Trochlear
V: Trigeminal
VI: Abducens
VII: Facial
VIII:Vestibulocochlear
Acoustic
IX: Glossopharyngeal
X: Vagus
XI: Accessory
XII: Hypoglossal

13. Mnemonic On
Old
Olympus’
Tower
Top A
Fin
And
German
Viewed A
Hop

14. MNEMONIC OLFACTORY OPTIC OCULOMOTOR TROCHLEAR TRIGEMINAL ABDUCENS
FACIAL
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
VAGUS
ACCESSORY
HYPOGLOSSAL OH
ONCE
ONE
TAKES
THE
ANATOMY
FINAL
VERY
GOOD
VACATION
A-HEAD

15. SENSORY NERVES Cranial nerve I Olfactory Cranial nerve II Optic
Cranial nerve VIII Acoustovestibular

16. Gertz 1991

17. CN I: OLFACTORY Cranial nerve I Function: Clinical test for damage:
smell
Clinical test for damage:
determine whether a person can smell something aromatic

18. Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
M&M, Table 14.3
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 6

19. CN II: OPTIC Cranial nerve II Function: Clinical test for damage:
vision
Clinical test for damage:
tests peripheral vision and visual acuity
Effects of damage:
blindness in part or all of the visual field

20. CN VIII: VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
Cranial Nerve VIII
Function: hearing and equilibrium
Clinical tests: test hearing, balance, and ability to walk a straight line
Effects of damage: deafness, dizziness, nausea, loss of balance, and nystagmus

21. AUDITORY SYSTEM Outer and Middle ear amplify sound Inner ear
Cochlea
Hair cells
Acoustovestibular nerve
Dorsal and Ventral Cochlear nuclei
Lateral lemniscus
Inferior colliculus
Medial geniculate nucleus
Superior Temporal Cortex
Brodmann areas 41 and 42

22. England and Wakely 1991

23. England and Wakely 1991

24. England and Wakely 1991

26. Gertz 1991

27. VISUAL SYSTEM The eyeball focuses light which stimulates the retina.
These signals are transmitted via the optic nerve, chiasm and tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus.
Nervous impulses then travel via the optic radiations to terminate in the primary visual (calcarine) cortex.

34. England and Wakely 1991

37. Gertz 1991

38. Gertz 1991

39. OLFACTORY SYSTEM
Sensory receptors in the nasal mucosa are stimulated by odors.
These stimuli are detected by the olfactory bulb.
Nervous impulses then travel through the olfactory tract to terminate in the anterior perforated substance.
There are intimate connections with the entorhinal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and other parts of the limbic system.

41. Gertz 1991

42. Gertz 1991

43. Gertz 1991