1. Energy in the Atmosphere

2. Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere

3. Heat Energy Is Transferred in the Atmosphere by:
Radiation
Conduction
Convection

4. Radiatio
Earth receives its energy from sun (electromagnetic radiation)
Travels through empty space in waves

6. Conduction Energy transferred by direct contact.
Air that touches warm ground or warm ocean is heated by conduction

7. Energy flows through the aluminum bar from hot cup to cold cup (source to sink)

8. Convection Occurs in a liquid or gas
Due to temperature and density differences.
Convection circulates heat through the atmosphere

9. Energy (Heat) Transfer

10. INcoming Solar radiATION
INSOLATION
INcoming Solar radiATION

11. Insolation Energy is absorbed by atmosphere( 19%) and Earth(51%)
reflected or scattered back to space. (30%)
Energy absorbed by Earth is re-radiated as infrared radiation

12. Intensity of Insolation
Depends upon angle of insolation

13. Angle of Insolation
Depends upon:
Time of day (most direct at noon)

14. Latitude (most direct at equator)

15. Time of year (more direct in summer, due to tilt of Earth’s axis)

16. THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT Energy absorbed Incoming is Short wave
HEAT IS
TRAPPED BY
THE GLASS OF
THE GREENHOUSE
Incoming is
Short wave
(visible light)
Outgoing is
Longer wave
(Infrared)
Energy absorbed

17. Greenhouse Effect Short wavelength (visible light) is absorbed
Re-radiated as longer wavelength (infrared - heat).
Glass traps the infrared.

18. What are the Greenhouse gases?
CO2
H20 VAPOR
INFRARED
METHANE GAS
CH4

19. CO2 absorbs infrared CO2 CO2 H20 VAPOR How does too much contribute to
Global warming?
CO2
CO2
H20 VAPOR
INFRARED
METHANE GAS
CH4
CO2 absorbs
infrared

20. Greenhouse Effect
CO2, CH4 and H2O (greenhouse gases) absorb infrared that is re-radiated from Earth.
They act like the glass in the greenhouse by trapping heat.
Raising the global temperature.

21. Global Warming

23. Increase in Greenhouse Effect Leads to Global Warming
What human activities contribute to CO2 production and an increase in the greenhouse effect?
Burning of fossil fuels
Global deforestation

24. If present trends continue possible effects may include
Rising sea levels due to melting polar ice caps;
Increasing frequency and severity of storms and hurricanes;
More frequent heat waves and droughts; and
Relocation of major crop growing areas.

25. Pave Paradise

27. No, substances heat up at different rates due to their specific heat.
Absorbtion
Do all surfaces absorb the same amount of insolation?
No, substances heat up at different rates due to their specific heat.

28. Does land or water heat up faster?
Specific Heats of Common Materials                                      
Land