1. High scrotal temperatures and chairs in the pathophysiology of poor semen quality 
Reijo Koskelo, Nina Zaproudina, Kasperi Vuorikari 
Pathophysiology 
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages (May 2005)
DOI: /j.pathophys
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
The surface temperature mapping of (A) cushioned conventional office (chair no 1); (B) non-cushioned plywood (no. 2) and (C) saddle (no. 4) chairs. Infrared recordings of the thermal imprints were made 3–4s after the same subject stood up. On left side: sitting surfaces only and right side three dimensional thermal distributions with the thermal marks on the back rests in A and B, too.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Scrotal skin temperature and humidity in 8 men during 40min sitting on the saddle chair [4] and the non-cushioned plywood chair [2]. Measurements started when the subjects were at first standing 5min and then sitting 30min and again standing 5min at the end.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
The scrotal skin temperatures of subjects sitting on six different chairs when using belt. Six different chairs were compared: (1) cushioned office chair; (2) non-cushioned plywood chair; (3) wooden bench; (4) saddle chair; (5) bosom knee support chair and (6) cushioned sofa chair.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Correlation of the average scrotal temperatures and body mass index when the subjects were sitting on a standard cushioned office chair (diamonds, chair 1, r=0.795, p=0.018) and saddle chairs (squares, chair 4 r=0.411, p=0.311).
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions