1. WWI

2. Long Term Causes Militarism - a glorification of the military
Nations started to stockpile weapons and created huge standing armies
Alliances- European countries prepared for war by forming alliances
Alliances meant that if one country went to war their allies had to as well
Imperialism - stronger countries take over weaker countries
Larger world powers wanted to control the most nations
Nationalism - strong devotion to one’s country
Social Darwinism - applying survival of the fittest to society
International competition

3. Alliances Triple Alliance Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Triple Entente
France
Russia
Great Britain

4. Short Term Cause of the War
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Ferdinand was the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary
A group of Bosnians wanted Serbia to be independent of Austria-Hungary
One of them shot and killed Ferdinand and his wife

5. Because of the alliance system…
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
Germany declared war on Serbia
Russia mobilized to help Serbia
Germany declared war against Russia
France declared war on Germany
Germany declared war on neutral Belgium
Great Britain declared war on Germany

6. New Alliances Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire (later)
Allied Powers
Britain
France
Belgium
Russia
Serbia
Italy
United States (end of war)

7. Realities of War
Most of the fighting occurred on the Western Front in France
Armies began to utilize new technologies
Trench warfare
Poison gas attacks
Machine guns
Tanks
Artillery field guns
Airplanes (reconnaissance and some bombing)

8. Trench warfare
Forces would dig and hunker down in trenches facing each other
Trenches were divided by “no man’s land”
Soldiers would get trench foot
They faced poison gas attacks
They could not put their heads above the trench
Lice from numerous rodents in the trenches

9. US Entry into WWI
US maintained a stance of neutrality for most of the war
Wilson ran in 1916 on “he kept us out of war”
People at home were divided on whether to enter or not

10. Causes for US entry German atrocities in Belgium
Belgium was neutral and Germany attacked viciously
Sinking of the Lusitania
The ships were unarmed and carrying civilians
Unrestricted submarine warfare by German U-boats
Sank the Sussex
Continued to attack passenger ships carrying supplies
Zimmerman telegram
Germany sent a letter to Mexico promising lands from Mexican Cession back if Mexico declared war on the US
US entered the war in 1917

11. US Home front
In 1917, Congress passed the Selective Service Act and authorized a draft
US switched from peacetime economy to wartime economy - US managed:
Food production
Coal and petroleum usage
Railway use
Liberty bonds
Propaganda became extremely important to get Americans involved
War time industry in Northern factories led to the Great Migration
African-Americans moved north to fill factory jobs and to help bolster the economy

13. Over there: