3. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN TOPIC :  Mud Mortar  Special selection of mortar  Steel

4. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Table Of Content’s: i) Mortar i) Steel ii) Types of Mortar ii)Types of steel used in construction iii) Mud Mortar iii) Types based on Shape iv) Mud Mortar Preparation iv) Types based on surface v) Use of Mud Mortar v) Types based on strength vi) Special selection of mortar vi) Types based on Material vii) Properties of special mortar viii) Best mortar

5. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Mortar:

6. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Definition: Mortar is a workable paste used to bind building blocks such as stones and bricks. Fill and seal the irregular gaps between them, and sometimes add decorative colors for decoration purpose. Its is also used for plaster work. In its broadest sense mortar includes asphalt, soft mud or clay and cement, sand mixture as used between bricks. The word Mortar comes from Latin mortarium meaning crushed.

7. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN

8. Mud mortar: The paste is prepared by mixing suitable clay with water. The soil which is used for preparing mud mortar should be free from grass and pebbles etc. This the cheapest mortar but weakest in strength. Mud mortar used for brick work of ordinary buildings and also for plastering of walls in rural areas.

9. Mud Mortar Preparation: Collect the clay and soil put out irregularities from clay Mix the water with proper proportion Do proper Mixing Stomp all pebbles into fine partials

10. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Use of Mud Mortar: This mud mortar is used for 95% of houses constructed in the rural area of our country before 1990. Construction of brick wall and stone wall. Use for plastering work. Use for pointing.

11. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Special selection of mortar: These are some important points which are keep in mind when we have to select best type of mortar. Weather resistant Heat resistant Compressive strength Durability Bonding strength Adhesion and sealing Cheap Deformation should be minimum. Best Mortar: Type S mortar is the best mortar. Its strength is lies between (2300 to 3000)psi. Ratio (1:2:4) cement : lime : sand

12. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Steel: Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon, and sometimes other elements. Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, it is a major component used in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, automobiles, machines, appliances, and weapons.

13. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Types of steel used in construction: Types based on Shape Types based on surface Types based on strength Types based on Material

14. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Types based on Shape: Structural steel : Structural steel is available in various shapes like Z shape, I-Beam, L shape, T shape, Bar, Plate, Rod, structural channel, etc. Structural steel is durable, ductile, strong, and it can be transformed into any shape depending on the type of construction. It can be constructed in no time on the construction site. Structural steel is fire resistant

15. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Types based on surface: Plane Bar: Deformed Bar:

16. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Types based on strength: 40 grade (40,000 Psi) 60 grade (60,000 Psi) 75 grade (75,000 Psi) 90 grade (90,000 Psi)

17. PUNJAB TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHONOLGY, LAHORE,PAKISTAN Types based on Material: Mild steel (0.05 to 0.3) carbon content Bending, Cutting and Binding easily Medium Carbon steel (0.3 to 0.6) carbon content Bending, Cutting and Binding difficult than mild steel High Carbon steel (0.6 to 1.5) carbon content Bending, Cutting and Binding difficult than