3. PRESENTED BY: A YILIYA.P.S BHAGYA LEKSHMI.S DHANYA.S JAYASREE.L REVATHY.C.G S.T.D :- X.C SCHOOL:- GOVT. V.H.S.S MANACAUD

4. OUR SUBJECT :- MODERN CARS & PARTS modern cars

5. INTRODUCTION Motor car,any self propelled vehicle with more than to wheels and a passenger,compartments capable of being steered by the operator for use on roads.the term is used more specifically to denote any such vehicle designed to carry a minimum of seven people.

6. AIMS From this project children can get an idea of the various parts of cars and the different types of cars in detail.

7. PARTS OF THE CARS ENGINE OF A CAR Any type of machine that obtains mechanicals energy directly from the expenditure of the chemical energy of full burned in a combustion chamber that is and integral part of the engine

8. CAR WHEEL Most cars used disc breaks on their front wheel, these are fitted on front and back wheel or more expensive models

9. CAR BREAK Mechanical device applied to the surface of a rotating shaft, wheel, or disc in such a way as to retard motion by means of friction. The break is usually lined with a heat resistance material that will not readily wear away or become smooth and slippery.

10. A GEAR OF A CAR To or more gears,transmitting motion from one shaft to Another, constitute a gear train.

11. B. CYLINDER HEAD The engines cylinder block is invariably made of cast iron on to which is bolted on aluminium cylinder head.This contains the valves that permit the petrol-air mixture to enter the combustion chamber and the exhaust gases to leave it.

12. C.FUEL INJECTION A carburttor had been used from the earlist days of motoring as a component in which the petrol-air mixture was reated. The limitation of such an arrangement was that the mixture was unevenly distributed which resulted in incomplete combustion and undesirable amount of unburnt fuel reaching the atmosphere.

13. HOW CAR ENGINE WORK A.FOUR STROKE CYCLE The over whelming majority of car engines still employ the four stroke cycle, invented by Nicholas Otto in 1876. The first down stroke of the piston that is attached to a connecting rod at its top end and to the crank shaft at the bottom, draws a petrol-air mixture into the cylinder. This is then compressed, which is the second stage of the process.

14. D. LUBRICATION An engine can not function unless it is well lubricated with oil.This is circulated under pressure from a pump that draws lubricant from a reservoir contained within the sump at the base of the engine.

15. E. COOLING As the combustion temperature of petrol is to 2500 0 c,the engine must be cooled.The cylinders and head there fore Incorporate water jacketing for a coolant that contains an antifreeze mixture circulated by pump.It is cooled in a radiator located at the front of the car by a passengers of air that is drawn through it by a thermostatically operated electric fan.

16. F. IGNITION Whether a carburetor or fuel injection is employed, the petrol air mixture has to be ingnited by a sparking plug.current is fed to each via a distributor supplied from a high – tension cool. The current requires interruptions in its cycle, and these are produced a contained within the distributor.

17. G. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT The cars management system is yet another component to make demands on the cars battery. The system is charged by an engine- driven alternator that, unlike the dynamo it replace in the 1970 is efficient at low speeds or when a car is ticking over in a traffic queue.

18. CONCLUSION In this case we can discuss about the various parts like the engine, car breaks,gear e.t.c and all the other types of cars. We get these information's from ENCARTA ENCYCLOPEDIA and INTERNET.

19. ACKNOWLEDGMENT To express our gratitude to Mrs.Geetha our class teacher and DE Co- ordinator Mr.Mansoor.

20. THANK YOU ALL OF YOU

21. THE END 2006