1. Safety Features of a Car Lim Chia Wei 3S1(09) Lim Tenn Shaun 3S1 Teow Yong Zhen 3S1(21)

2. Introduction Cars today are much safer to travel in than cars ten or twenty years ago. Cars today are much safer to travel in than cars ten or twenty years ago. As a result of crash tests, designs have changed and are still changing. As a result of crash tests, designs have changed and are still changing.

3. Crumple Zones Crumple zones were first introduced in 1959. Crumple zones were first introduced in 1959. Crumple Zones, indicated here in red, were designed to absorb the energy of a collision by bending and breaking in a predictable manner. In doing so, the force of the collision would be diverted away from the passenger's compartment, thereby keeping him or her from serious injury. Crumple Zones, indicated here in red, were designed to absorb the energy of a collision by bending and breaking in a predictable manner. In doing so, the force of the collision would be diverted away from the passenger's compartment, thereby keeping him or her from serious injury.

4. Seat belts The seat belt was introduced by Nash Motors in 1949. The seat belt was introduced by Nash Motors in 1949. Seat belts work in the same principle as crumple zones. Seat belts work in the same principle as crumple zones. They make the change in momentum take longer – so that the force is less. They make the change in momentum take longer – so that the force is less.

5. Airbags Airbags help cushion the impact, reducing your momentum more slowly so that the force is less. Airbags help cushion the impact, reducing your momentum more slowly so that the force is less. Airbags are intended to be used as a supplementary device to the seatbelt. Airbags are intended to be used as a supplementary device to the seatbelt.

6. Wind Shields In the 1950s, cars came off the line with side and rear windows of tempered glass. In the 1950s, cars came off the line with side and rear windows of tempered glass. This treated glass can withstand forces of hundreds of pounds per square inch. This treated glass can withstand forces of hundreds of pounds per square inch. When broken, it breaks into smooth beads that do not cut the skin When broken, it breaks into smooth beads that do not cut the skin Unlike safety glass, rescuers can cut into it to reach victims trapped in a car Unlike safety glass, rescuers can cut into it to reach victims trapped in a car

7. Brakes The first cars had brakes only on the back wheels, which led to much skidding and swerving. The first cars had brakes only on the back wheels, which led to much skidding and swerving. Brakes on all four wheels did not appear in the United States until 1920, when they were introduced in high-priced cars. Brakes on all four wheels did not appear in the United States until 1920, when they were introduced in high-priced cars. It wasn't until the advent of the new Ford Model A in 1927 that four-wheel brakes became standard fare in most cars. It wasn't until the advent of the new Ford Model A in 1927 that four-wheel brakes became standard fare in most cars.

8. Brakes To combat this, automakers devised anti-lock brakes. To combat this, automakers devised anti-lock brakes. Relying on a computer to monitor the speed of each wheel, the car can tell when a wheel is beginning to slide and can apply an automatic series of braking pulses, which are faster than those created by a human driver. Relying on a computer to monitor the speed of each wheel, the car can tell when a wheel is beginning to slide and can apply an automatic series of braking pulses, which are faster than those created by a human driver.