1. Today/ tomorrow- wrapping up Reconstruction
Compromise of 1877
“Jim Crow” south
Plessy v. Ferguson… Brown v. Board of Ed.
Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois
Midterm review packet due THURSDAY, 1/19
MIDTERM: FRIDAY AND MONDAY, 1/20 1/23

2. After Reconstruction…
What led to the end of Reconstruction?
How was the “Jim Crow” South established?
Was Reconstruction a success?

3. Political cartoons…. Symbols Labels Exaggeration “irony” “analogy”
What is the message?

9. CORROBORATION:
SIMILAR? DIFFERENT?
WHAT MIGHT ACCOUNT FOR THE DIFFERENCE?

10. Shall I trust these men and not this man?

11. (Radical Reconstruction- 1866-77) By election of 1876….
IN THE SOUTH:
Rise of KKK- restore white supremacy by using terror to prevent blacks from exercising rights
s of men, women, children killed
Blacks & any whites who educated, did business with them…
Burned schools, churches, property (economic terror)
1875/6- Democrats win many southern elections by using terror to keep blacks from the polls, refuse to do business with any whites who vote Republican…. (open ballot)
Rise of “Redeemers” in South- Democrats recapture state gov’ts from
Only Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida still under federal control by 1876
IN THE FEDERAL GOV’T:
Scandals rock Grant administration (bribes, etc.)
Republican Party splits- “Liberal Republicans” not so radical
Stephens- dies in office 1868
Sumner- dies in office 1874
1872 “Amnesty Act”- pardons 150,000 Confederate leaders
Freedmen’s Bureau allowed to expire
IN THE NORTH:
Panic of 1873 distracts nation- 5 year economic depression
Popular support for Reconstruction fades.. Many northerners distracted; seek reconciliation (2nd cartoon….)

13. Compromise of 1877 Republicans get? Democrats get?
Why is it also called the Great Betrayal?
Why is President Hayes called “His Fraudulence”?

14. Compromise of 1877 Republicans get? Democrats get?
Why is it also called the Great Betrayal?

15. COMPROMISE OF 1877
South/ Democrats: accepts Rutherford B. Hayes as president in disputed 1876 election
Republicans: pull last troops out of south
Reconstruction over, southern states
Return to “home rule”
“Solid South”: Democrat party dominates until 1966

16. After Reconstruction: Creating The Jim Crow South

17. The 15th Amendment guarantees blacks the right to vote
How could states “disenfranchise” blacks without passing a law saying they can’t vote?

18. I. Losing the right to vote
Literacy tests- had to prove you could read and write
Poll taxes- charged money to vote
“Grandfather clause”- you could only vote if your grandfather could vote

19. What do you know about “segregation”?

20. Jim Crow laws
Segregation- separating white and black races in public and private places
Jim Crow Laws- laws enacted to restrict the freedoms of African Americans and implement segregation

21. Violence and intimidation

22. Lynchings in America from 1882-1968

23. Lynching- hanging of people by mobs of citizens
Why was there no repercussions/ punishments for the people in these pictures?
1930- lynching of Thomas
Ship and Abraham Smith

25. 14th Amendment:
Wait a minute- isn’t segregation unconstitutional?

26. If you owned your own restaurant, should you be allowed to let in whomever you want? Why or why not?

27. 1883- “Civil Rights Cases” SUMMARY:
The 14th Amendment does not apply to individual citizens/ businesses, just states
Congress can’t pass laws to force inns, theaters, trains, etc. to desegregate

28. What race is this
Man?

29. Homer Plessy “Octamaroon”
Gets arrested on a train on purpose to challenge Louisiana’s Jim Crow train laws…

30. 1896- Plessy v. Ferguson Establishes “separate but equal”
Segregation is constitutional

31. Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas- 1954
Overturns Plessy v. Ferguson
Declares “separate to be inherently unequal”
1957: protests to forced desegregation, Charlotte, NC, 1957

32. Reconstruction would be considered a success if…..
American Studies:
Economy stabilized
Union becomes unified
South is able to rebuild
Freed men are equal citizens
Negative consequences are minimized

33. Period 5 Debt of war is paid North and South gets along
Former slaves have jobs
Freedmen have some sort of “rights”

34. Reconstruction would be considered a success if…..
Period 7:
People get jobs- economy
North and South work together/ get along
Slaves get freedom….
Treated like everybody else
Rebuild the stuff that was destroyed/…… civilization

35. Reconstruction would be considered a success if….. Period 8
Secession won’t happen again
Problems causing conflict “fixed”
Union is “stronger” than before- stronger national government
Ideas of north and south the same- get along
Nationalism vs. sectionalism- nationalism
Slavery over
Freedmen? Help them….
Repayment for damages
Replace slave based economy

36. Was Reconstruction a success?
Reconstruction would be successful if……
Both members cooperate. North and South get along
The economy gets rebuilt
Strong leader
South is literally rebuilt
South has to agree to no more secession
Slavery has to end, 13th Amendment ends it
Have job opportunities and land for freedman

37. Was Reconstruction a success or failure?
Did Reconstruction successfully