1. “Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.”
5/6/2019
Title: Biology 12/12/06
Objectives:
To begin learning about Chapter 6
Class Topics
Hand in W.S. 6.2 before the bell rings
Review for Chapter 6 Quiz 1
Notes - mitosis
“Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.”
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Monday, May 06, :00 PM

2. Finals Schedule 12/15/06 - 12/21/06 # Revised lunch schedule
5/6/2019
Finals Schedule 12/15/ /21/06
# Revised lunch schedule
Friday the bus leaves at 10:40
Buses run at regular times – Mon, Tues, and Wed
Thursday the bus leaves at 11:00

3. Class Assignments W.S. 6.2 (DR/Quiz) 12/12/06
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Class Assignments
What
By When
W.S. 6.2 (DR/Quiz) 12/12/06
Chapter 6 Quiz 1 12/14/06
Due this class period
Due next class period
Due in the future

4. Grade Sheet 1A – SR p. 61 - 5 pts Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
5/6/2019
Grade Sheet
1A – SR p pts
Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
3A SR p. 42 – 6 pts
4A – SR p. 47 – 5 pts
2A – Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
SR p. 80 – 5 pts

5. 5/6/2019
Postquiz Activities
Read

6. Length of cell cycle Ranges from 20 minutes to 20 hours
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Length of cell cycle
Ranges from 20 minutes to 20 hours
Some cells divide constantly and others never divide
Muscle cells
Red Blood cells
Skin cells
Bone cells
Nerve cells

7. From: http://www.criduchat.asn.au/criduchat/what.htm#Diagram%201
5/6/2019
Mutation (Handout)
Changes in chromosome structure
Deletion
Cri du chat syndrome
5p deletion
Translocation
14-21
Another cause of Down Syndrome
From:

8. 5/6/2019

9. Cell Cycle G1 - growth and normal cell activity S - Synthesis of DNA
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Cell Cycle
G1 - growth and normal cell activity
G0 – never divides again
S - Synthesis of DNA
DNA replication, Copying DNA, forming chromatids
G2 - Growth for division, organelles double
Mitosis - Division of the nucleus
Cytokinesis - Division of the cytoplasm (cell)
Interphase (longest phase)
G1, S, G2, (G0 as well)

10. Controlling the cell cycle
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Controlling the cell cycle
“Checkpoints”
1. Cell growth (G1)
to begin DNA synthesis
Entry point for G0
2. DNA synthesis (G2)
Checking for errors in DNA
3. Mitosis
Exiting mitosis, beginning of G1
A build up of proteins (cyclins) stimulate the move to next stage

11. 5/6/2019

12. Chapter 6 Quiz 1 Review Matching Multiple choice Short Answer
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Chapter 6 Quiz 1 Review
Matching
Centromere, chromatid, DNA, somatic cell, gamete
Multiple choice
Chromatin, diploid, gene, haploid, prokaryotic cell division
Short Answer
Human chromosome number, pairs of human chromosomes, sex chromosomes
Mutation
Deletion, translocation
Cell cycle labeling

13. Cancer What do you know about cancer? Uncontrolled cell growth
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Cancer
What do you know about cancer?
Uncontrolled cell growth
Cells stop responding to control mechanisms
Read p. 127

14. 5/6/2019
Exploring Further
What causes the damage to genes controlling the cell cycle?
Carcinogens
What do they do?
“Stepping on the Accelerator”
oncogenes
“Releasing the Brakes”
Tumor supressor genes

15. Mitosis A process in which eukaryotic cells form two identical nuclei.
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Mitosis
A process in which eukaryotic cells form two identical nuclei.
Each cell receives a complete set of chromosomes
Karyokinesis
division of the nucleus - actual process of mitosis - not in prokaryotes
Cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm, true cell division
2 exact replica independent cells
Different in plant and animals

16. Preparation for Mitosis
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Preparation for Mitosis
Formation of spindles
Microtubules and centrioles that move the chromosomes
Centrioles form ‘poles’ (only in animals)
Microtubules of spindle attach to centrioles and centromere of chromosomes

17. 5/6/2019
Mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

18. Prophase 1st phase of mitosis (longest) -
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Prophase
1st phase of mitosis (longest) -
chromosomes begin to coil up from chromatin
Centrioles appear
Not in plants
Organize microtubules and create spindle
Spindle fibers appear
clusters of microtubules

19. Metaphase chromosomes move to the center of the cell Shortest phase
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Metaphase
chromosomes move to the center of the cell
equator
metaphase plate
Shortest phase

20. Anaphase Chromosomes separate at the centromere
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Anaphase
Chromosomes separate at the centromere
Completed when movement stops

21. Telophase Opposite of prophase Distinct nuclei are formed
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Telophase
Opposite of prophase
chromosomes uncoil into chromatin
Centrioles disappear (animals)
Spindle fibers disappear
Distinct nuclei are formed
Beginning of cytokinesis (usually)

22. Cytokinesis - Forming Daughter Cells
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Cytokinesis - Forming Daughter Cells
Animal
Cleavage furrow
Dividing a balloon in two
Plant
Cell plate
Dividing a room in two