1. Figure 1. LOC is highly expressed in NPC and predicts unfavorable prognosis. (A) Differential gene expression ...
Figure 1. LOC is highly expressed in NPC and predicts unfavorable prognosis. (A) Differential gene expression profile of top 20 altered lncRNAs in nasopharyngeal chronic inflammatory tissues and NPC tissues. (B) The expression of LOC in gene expression profile (upper left). The expression of LOC was measured in 9 nasopharyngeal chronic inflammatory tissues and 27 NPC tissues by RT-qPCR (upper right). Expression of LOC in published GEO data of NPC (GSE53819 and GSE68799, lower panel). (C) LOC expression was measured by ISH in non-tumor NPE (N) and NPC biopsies (T). Forty cases of non-tumor NPE (N) and 112 NPC biopsies with LOC staining are shown. In paraffin sections, LOC was highly expressed in NPC compared with that in adjacent non-tumor tissues. (D) OS and relapse-free survival were analyzed in patients with LOC using a Kaplan–Meier curve. Patients with higher LOC had a remarkable unfavorable prognosis compared with those with lower LOC (E and F) The association between local relapse or distant metastasis and LOC
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Carcinogenesis, Volume 40, Issue 2, 30 October 2018, Pages 380–391,
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2. Figure 2. LOC silencing suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion. (A) The expression of LOC was ...
Figure 2. LOC silencing suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion. (A) The expression of LOC was significantly increased in NPC cell lines (HNE1, HNE2, 5-8F and HK-1) compared with that in NP69, a normal human nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line used as a control. (B) The knockdown efficacy in 5-8F, HNE2 and HK-1 cell lines. The knockdown efficacy of siRNA1 + 2 was better than that of siRNA1 or siRNA2 alone, so we used siRNA1 + 2, referred to as siRNA, for subsequent knockdown. (C) Invasive capacity was largely impaired after transfection with LOC siRNA compared with NC. (D) Wound healing assay was conducted to measure the migration potential. Images were captured at different time points according to the actual healing situation. The migration potential was limited in the LOC siRNA group compared with NC.
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Carcinogenesis, Volume 40, Issue 2, 30 October 2018, Pages 380–391,
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3. Figure 3. LOC overexpression promotes tumor cell migration and invasion. (A) Transfection of LOC
Figure 3. LOC overexpression promotes tumor cell migration and invasion. (A) Transfection of LOC overexpression plasmid (OE) or empty vector was evaluated in HNE2, 5-8F and HK-1 cells, and LOC was significantly overexpressed. (B) After transfection with the LOC overexpressed plasmid, the Matrigel invasion ability was increased compared with transfection with empty vector. (C) Enhanced wound healing capacity observed in the LOC overexpressed group compared with the empty vector group.
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Carcinogenesis, Volume 40, Issue 2, 30 October 2018, Pages 380–391,
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4. Figure 4. LOC284454 increases lung metastasis in vivo
Figure 4. LOC increases lung metastasis in vivo. (A) Image of fresh lungs dissected from each group of mice ...
Figure 4. LOC increases lung metastasis in vivo. (A) Image of fresh lungs dissected from each group of mice treated with LOC overexpressed, LOC siRNA or NC 5-8F cells (seven mice in each group). (B) Metastases visible on mouse lung are shown. The white dots are nodules, and the arrows indicate colonies formed by the tumor cells on the lungs. (C) Quantities of metastases in each group, with each dot representing one mouse. (D) Mouse lung tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Rectangular frame indicates amplified part of metastatic tumor cells in the lung. The images were taken at ×100 and ×400.
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Carcinogenesis, Volume 40, Issue 2, 30 October 2018, Pages 380–391,
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5. Figure 5. Identification of LOC regulated partners with LC-MS/MS combined with bioinformatics. (A) LC-MS/MS data ...
Figure 5. Identification of LOC regulated partners with LC-MS/MS combined with bioinformatics. (A) LC-MS/MS data analysis process. The number of proteins obtained from NC, siRNA, vector and overexpression were 1624, 1604, 1494 and 1476, respectively. The data were normalized to remove systematic errors. After filtering out the area of protein <1.0E5, the ratio of si/NC <0.67 and OE/vector >1.5 or vice versa was considered significant. By intersecting the siRNA group and overexpression group, 193 upregulated and 60 downregulated proteins were identified. (B) Expression of Rho/Rac pathway-associated proteins. Dysregulated protein levels were detected by western blot in 5-8F, HNE2 and HK1 cells transfected with NC, LOC siRNA, empty vector or LOC overexpression plasmid (OE). GAPDH was used as an endogenous control.
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Carcinogenesis, Volume 40, Issue 2, 30 October 2018, Pages 380–391,
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6. Figure 6. Proposed schematic model illustrating the role of LOC in regulating NPC migration and invasion by ...
Figure 6. Proposed schematic model illustrating the role of LOC in regulating NPC migration and invasion by inducing Rho/Rac signaling pathway changes. LOC influences the Rho/Rac signaling pathway by promoting or inhibiting the proteins associated with the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion, inducing actin polymerization, remodeling of the cytoskeleton and changes in cell adhesion, which further affect the migration and invasion of NPC cells.
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Carcinogenesis, Volume 40, Issue 2, 30 October 2018, Pages 380–391,
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