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Acids, Bases & pH
1 water molecule in 550 million naturally dissociates into a Hydrogen Ion and a Hydroxide Ion
Hydrogen Ion Hydroxide Ion
Acid Base
H2O  H+ + OH-
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2. How much stronger is a pH3 than a pH of 5?
The pH Scale
Indicates the concentration of H+ ions
Ranges from 0 – 14
pH of 7 is neutral
pH 0 up to 7  acid … H+
pH above 7 to 14  base… OH-
Each pH unit represents a factor of 10X change in concentration
How much stronger is a pH3 than a pH of 5?
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Acids
Strong Acid = pH 1-3
High in H+ ions
Lower number of OH- ions
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Bases
Strong Base = pH 11 – 14
High in OH-ions
Lower in number of H+ ions
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Buffers
Weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases
Made by the body
Prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH (keep pH neutral)
Weak Acid
Weak Base
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