1. World War I
USH-5.4

2. I. Causes Militarism A strong spirit of enlarging the military
Created to be able to build and protect empires
Country
Troops
Russia
12,000,000
Germany
11,000,000
England
8,904,467
Austria-Hungary
7,800,000
France
8,410,000
Italy
5,615,000
Serbia
707,343
Ottoman Empire
2,850,000

3. I. Causes Alliances Agreements between nations to help each other
Triple Alliance
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Triple Entente
England
France
Russia
Secret alliances too

4. I. Causes Imperialism Each of the major nations had empires
They each wanted places the others owned

5. I. Causes
Nationalism
Each country wants to be bigger and stronger than the others
Some nations weren’t real
Groups inside of empires

6. II. The Spark Archduke Franz Ferdinand Heir to Austria-Hungary
Visiting Bosnia in A-H
The area had lots of nationalist feelings and was dangerous
Killed by Gavrilo Princip
Serbian from A-H that wanted Serbs in A-H to be part of Serbia not A-H

7. II. The Spark A-H imposes impossible demands on Serbia
A-H declares war on Serbia
Serbia and Russia have a secret alliance
Russia declared war on A-H
Germany declares war on Russia and France
The Schlieffen Plan said this had to be done to protect Germany
England declares war on everyone else after Belgium is attacked

8. III. Fighting WWI Two major alliances change a little
Triple Entente becomes the Allied Powers
England
France
Italy (in 1915)
Russia (until 1917)
United States (in 1917)
Triple Alliance becomes the Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire

9. III. Fighting WWI Fought on two fronts
Germany is surrounded
Schlieffen Plan said Germany had to attack France & Russia at same time
Prevents being undefended on the backside
Eastern Front has a lot of movement
Russians were so bad and mismanaged they retreated hundreds of miles
Fighting leads to Russian Revolution
Russia becomes the Soviet Union and they surrender

10. III. Fighting WWI Western Front has even more death
Trench warfare with No Man’s Land
Quickly turns into a stalemate
Weeks to move a few yards

11. III. Fighting WWI New technology created death Wireless communication
Tanks and armored vehicles
Airplanes
Machine guns
Chemical weapons
Burns and melts you
Hand grenades
Submarines

12. IV. US neutrality US declared neutrality GB was oldest trading partner
Not choosing a side
Lasted for a while but eventually we entered
GB was oldest trading partner
GB also blockaded Germany to stop US
US businesses loaned money to Allies

13. IV. US neutrality Germans began using unrestricted submarine warfare
Sinking any ship they thought was helping the Allies
Americans get angry when their ships are sunk
In 1915, U-boat sinks the Lusitania, a GB passenger ship
Has American passengers
US gets very angry

14. IV. US neutrality Anti-German feelings
Threatened
Changed names
Businesses closed
Espionage and Sedition Act of 1918
 forbade the use of "disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language" about the US

15. IV. US neutrality Germans promise to only attack military ships
Wilson is reelected in 1916
Slogan was “He kept us out of the war”
In 1917, Germany restarts unrestricted submarine warfare

16. IV. US neutrality British intercept and publish the Zimmermann Note
German letter to Mexico
Asked Mexico to attack the US to keep US busy
Germany would then help Mexico get back land after Germany won in Europe
Americans are VERY ANGRY
Mexico says no

17. V. US Involvement Wilson asks Congress to declare war in April 1917
He wants to be involved in the peace process
“Make the world safe for democracy”
US fights in France on Western Front
Not great just fresh bodies
Armistice on 11/11/1918
Fighting ends, but war is not officially over