1. I CAN: Explain the changes that occur to the adolescent
Describe the cognitive fallacies and apply them to yourself
Explain James Marcia’s Identity Statuses. Be able to apply to examples

2. The Transitions of Adolescence
Developmental period beginning at puberty and ending at adulthood
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 40

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Rites of Passage
Social rituals that mark the transition between developmental stages, especially between childhood and adulthood
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Rites of Passage
Beginning high school
First kiss
First serious relationship
Turning 16
Getting a driver’s license
Turning 18
Graduating high school
Turning 21
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

5. Physical Maturation in Adolescence
Puberty Onset of sexual maturity
Around puberty, boys and girls become more aware of their physical attractiveness
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 41

6. Gender/Sex Male Female Early Time of Maturation Late
vs.
Late
Maturation
Gender/Sex
Male
Female
Judged Socially Competent
More Capable Athlete
Social Recognition (Peers/Adults)
Overestimation of His Competencies
Granted “Older” Privileges/Response
Parents Hold Higher Aspirations
Enjoys Positive Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
The Only One in Grade Developed
No Status in Being Large/Muscled
Boys Yet to Appreciate Development
Subject to Teasing and Ridicule
Associated w/ Low Self-Esteem/Dep.
Become Popular w/ Boys (LA)
Socialize w/ Older Companions (Boys)
Steered Toward “Older” Risk Behaviors
Early
Time of Maturation
Treated as “Younger” Child by Adults
“Younger” Treatment = Negative SFP
Childish Dependence/Immaturity
The “Last-Of-All-To-Mature”
Low Social Status (Sports/Social)
More Anxious/Less Sure of Self
Scores Lower on Achieve. Tests (EA)
“Some” Anxiety Waiting to Mature
Not Nearly as Disadvantagous As Late Boys
Outperform Other Students
Matures at Closer Time w/ Boys
Late

7. Cognitive Development in Adolescence
Teens enter Piaget’s final stage of growth…Formal Operational Stage (abstract and complex thought)
Hormones rise to high levels
The frontal lobes undergo a “remodel” (pruning)
This leads to sensation seeking and risk taking, and preoccupation with body image and sex
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 41

8. Cognitive Changes Egocentric version of formal operations stage
2 fallacies of teen cognition
Imaginary audience: delusion that one is constantly being observed by others
Personal fable: delusion that one is unique, unrealistically important and invulnerable

9. James Marcia Modeled work after Erikson
Said teen achieves neither identity or role confusion, but various degrees of exploring and committing to an identity
2 elements necessary to form identity
Crisis: a time of upheaval where old values or choices are being reexamined
Commitment: dedication to role or value

10. Marcia’s 4 Identity Statuses
Identity Diffusion –no sense of having choices; he or she has not yet made (nor is attempting/willing to make) a commitment
Identity Foreclosure –willing to commit to some relevant roles, values, or goals for the future. NO identity crisis. conform to the expectations of others regarding their future
Identity Moratorium – IN crisis, exploring choices, but has not made a commitment to these choices
Identity Achievement/Formation - Completed identity crisis and has committed to identity/value

11. Crisis Yes No Identity Formation Identity Foreclosure Yes Committment
Marcia’s
Modes of
Identity
Formation
Crisis
Yes No
Identity
Formation
Identity
Foreclosure
Yes
Committment
Identity
Moratorium
Identity
Diffusion No

12. CAN I? Explain the changes that occur to the adolescent
Describe the cognitive fallacies and apply them to yourself
Explain James Marcia’s Identity Statuses. Be able to apply to examples