1. Peace and the Effects of the War
FOCUS QUESTION: How was peace negotiated and what were the effects of World War I?

2. The War Ends American entry gives the Allies an advantage
General Pershing, U.S. Commander figures out new military tactics for new weapons
November 1918 Germany surrenders
Over 19.5 million military & civilian deaths!

3. The Big Four

4. The Treaty of Versailles
Germany must accept responsibility for the whole war
Germany must pay heavy reparations ($$ for war damages)
Empires are broken up, world map is redrawn
Creation of a League of Nations
** Most of Wilson’s 14 Points are scrapped by Allied leaders. They want revenge!
**The US rejects the Versailles Treaty and refuses to join the League of Nations

5. Problems with the Versailles Treaty
Self-determination is violated often – boundaries don’t reflect group nationalities
Leads to political and economic problems (Germany can’t pay all of these reparations!!!)
Very weak League of Nations

6. The Fourteen Points “Peace Without Victory”
Wilson’s peace plan to prevent future wars
Open Diplomacy – end of secret alliances
Limits on Arms (weapons)
Self-Determination: right of people to choose their own form of government
*League of Nations: organization of countries to promote peaceful cooperation
Most important to Wilson!

7. POST WWI EUROPE
PRE WWI EUROPE

8. 3 Minute Pause Look at the maps on the PowerPoint.
How has Europe Changed after WWI?
Why might these changes cause problems?

9. The U.S. Reaction to Wilson’s Plan
The United States had to decide whether to ratify (approve) Wilson’s peace plan.
vs.
Woodrow Wilson
Henry Cabot Lodge

10. Effects of the War at home
1.The Flu Epidemic
¼ US population affected; 500,000 die
What effects did the flu epidemic have on the US?

11. Effects of the War 2. The “Red Scare”
Fear of communism & revolution in the US
Palmer Raids: led by Senator Palmer; police arrest & deport communists, socialists & anarchists

13. Effects of the War
3. Great Migration: Many African Americans leave the south looking for jobs in the north
4.19th Amendment: Women get right to vote
5.The US becomes economic center of the world