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Anticipatory postural adjustment in selected trunk muscles in poststroke hemiparetic patients1
Ruth Dickstein, DSc, Sara Shefi, MSc, Emanuel Marcovitz, MD, Yael Villa, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 85, Issue 2, Pages (February 2004) DOI: /j.apmr
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Fig 1 Onset activation latencies of back muscles with respect to the beginning of activity in the anterior deltoid muscles during arm flexion of (A) the paretic left and (B) nonparetic right arm in hemiparetic and in healthy control subjects. NOTE. Values are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Negative values indicate earlier activity onset in back than in the anterior deltoid muscles. Abbreviations: c, contralateral to the flexing limb; ES, erector spinae; i, ipsilateral to the flexing limb; LD, latissimus dorsi. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
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Fig 2 Onset activation latencies of abdominal muscles with respect to beginning of activity in the rectus femoris muscles during arm flexion of (A) the paretic left and (B) nonparetic right hip in hemiparetic and in healthy control subjects. NOTE. Values are mean ± SEM. Negative values indicate earlier activity onset in the abdominal than in the rectus femoris muscles. Abbreviations: c, contralateral to the flexing limb; EO, external oblique; i, ipsilateral to the flexing limb; RA, rectus abdominis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
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Fig 3 SI values of (A) back muscles during the arm flexing task and (B) abdominal muscle during the hip flexing task. NOTE. Values are mean ± SEM. Positive values indicate higher activity levels on the muscle contralateral to the flexing limb than on the ipsilateral muscle. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
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