1. Historical Thinking Skills

2. Important words to know
Compare
Contrast
Evaluate
Analyze
Predict
Explain
Support
Identify
Classify
Interpret
Summarize
Infer

3. Important words to know
Compare- Similarities AND differences
Contrast- Differences
Evaluate- Make a decision based on the info
Analyze-Break it down to figure out what happened. Interpret
Predict- Guess what will happen based on the info
Explain- Use details to answer Why? And How?
Support- Use details to defend YOUR argument
Identify- Find the info
Classify- Place similar items into groups
Summarize- Restate the info in your OWN words
Infer- Make a conclusion/deduction based off of reasoning and NOT explicit statements

4. 9 hts 1. Analyzing Evidence 2. Interpretation 3. Comparison
4. Periodization
5. CCOT
6. Causation
7. Synthesis
8. Contextualization
9. Argumentation

5. 1. Analyzing evidence
Evaluate relevant evidence from diverse sources (primary, secondary, et)
Focus on POV and content
Make supportable Inferences and Draw Conclusions
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

6. POV The purpose of the information you have. Clues that can help:
Tone (exp. angry or happy)
Audience (exp. subjects/people or letter to a ruler)
Occupation/involvement (exp. Participant or bystander)

8. Inferences
Exps
Sheldon Cooper: I took another look at the board, and I realized you were right.
Raj Koothrappali: So you were wrong.
Sheldon Cooper: I’m not saying that.
Raj Koothrappali: That’s the only logical inference.
Sheldon Cooper: I’m still not saying it.
You see a sweaty person sitting in a chair with a towel, a water bottle and running shoes
Must have been running
Your friend went on a date and calls you crying.
Date must have gone poorly

9. 2. Interpretation WHY do historians think what they think?
How does that effect evaluations?
How/why does historical interpretation change over time?
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT
Will we think the same thing about Obama in the future? Or Donald Trump?

10. 3. comparison
Find Similarities AND Differences
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

11. 4. Periodization
How can history be organized? (Why organize it to begin with?)
Evaluate turning points
How do historians differ in their thinking?
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

12. 5. CCOT Continuity and Change Over Time ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT Continuity
Something stays the same the entire time period
Change
What change and why?
Can Something be a Continuity AND a Change?
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

13. CCOT How/why does music change? How/why do sports change? Clothing?
Entertainment?

14. 6. Causation
Cause AND Effects
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

15. 7. Synthesis 1. Combine Primary and Secondary sources
2. Understand the past
3. Apply insights to other times/places etc
HARDEST OF THE HTS
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

16. 8. Contextualization
Connect specific events (etc) to broader events going on at the same time
HOW do they effect each other?
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT

17. 9. Argumentation
Explain HOW arguments have been constructed in history
Interpret the evidence
Form a PERSUASIVE historical argument
ALWAYS EXPLAIN IT