1. ACTRIS Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) Network and new filter off-line techniques to measure PM chemical composition and determine organic aerosol sources ACSM Teams across Europe Many slides from Michael Bressi / Fabrizia Cavalli, JRC Italy

2. ACSM stations http://www.psi.ch/acsm-stations/acsm-station
Half hourly measurements of submicron organic mass, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium during at least a season, ideally for full years
Organic mass spectra can be used to derive sources and components of organic aerosols (traffic, biomass burning, coal burning, cooking, secondary organic aerosols)
Sampling sites
+ 20 potential sites in various countries ?

3. INTERCOMPARISON EXERCISE within ACTRIS
Comparison of 13 ACSMs near PARIS
Crenn et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 2015

4. Comparison exercise near Paris, Source apportionment of organic aerosols
Traffic
Cooking
Secondary organic aerosols
Biomass burning organic aerosols
Froehlich et al., Atmos. Meas. Techn., 2015

5. A European aerosol phenomenology - 6: high-time resolution chemical characteristics of submicron particulate matter across Europe
Sampling sites
+ 21 sites in 13 different countries
+ 9 rural/regional, 5 urban, 5 coastal, 1 remote and 1 industrial/harbour sites
+ Northern Europe: 5 sites, Continental Europe: 11 sites, Southern Europe: 5 sites
Bressi, Cavalli, Putaud, Prevot et al., in prep., internal review stage, most data will be available on EBAS

6. MATERIAL AND METHODS
Temporal coverage
Assumptions: 1
If data coverage> 1.5 months in a given season  data representative of the full season 2
No inter-annual variability. 3
If 3 seasons - including summer and winter - in a given year  data representative of the full year
Bressi, Cavalli, Putaud, Prevot et al., in prep., internal review stage, most data will be available on EBAS

7. FULL YEAR datasets
Methods to analyze a full year are still partially under development. AURO-SoFi (Automatic rolling source finding) .. A combination of source apportionment and moving average.
PSI,

8. The offline AMS technique
The Set Up

9. Combination of new and classic off-line methods
Sources of PM2.5
North
South
PSI,
Contribution of primary anthropogenic sources is relatively low, dominated by the residential emissions from heating and cooking processes

10. Sampling sites Aerolit project
Lithuania (PM1):
3 sampling sites, 178 filters:
-Rugsteliskes (rural site, 62 filters),
-Preila (remote coast site, 73 filters),
-Vilnius (urban backgruond site, 41 filters).
From 01/10/2013 to 03/09/2014
Preila
Vilnius
Rugsteliskes
Measurements:
EC/OC
WSOC
Ions (IC)
Sugars
Nox
Organic markers (PAHs, Methyl-PAHs, metoxyphenols, hopanes, n-alkanes, S-containing-PAHs, monosaccharide anhydrides, and biological monosaccharides)

11. Study in Lithuania BBOA mg/m3 Levoglucosan mg/m3 Background OOA mg/m3
Bozzetti et al., ACPD, 2016
PSI,

12. Idea for future «campaign»
Combine on-line ACSM measurements with off-line measurements at many sites during a full year, e.g. 2017, 2018 or 2019
Realistic : filters : filters per site: off-line sites possible: costs: ~ Euros per sample
Different possible Strategies of addition of off-line sites:
- Increased cover of areas/countries without on-line measurements.
Choose urban/rural combinations
Choose for some sites size-segregated filters or PM10 / PM2.5 filters; PM2.5 or PM1 would be easier in any case.
Combination with FTIR measurements shown by Satoshi Takahama (costs?)

13. FUTURE
Overview paper of the aerosol composition will be submitted in weeks to months.
Source apportionment overview publication earliest mid to end 2017
Modelers should start using the data
Another phase of EURODELTA or similar model evaluation exercises on existing data or on an extended dataset with an intensive year ? A new year would provide higher quality.
Important: Opportunity for development and assessment of Volatility Basis Set or other modern schemes for organic aerosols .. Less dependent on specific meteorology during a month or two..
Combination with equivalent black carbon measurements would be very useful (ideally multi-wavelength to distinguish traffic from wood burning)
PSI,