1. Chapter 15: European Renaissance and Reformation
Section 1: Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance

2. The Black Plague
resulted in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people
Europeans targeted "various groups such as Jews, friars, foreigners, beggars, pilgrims”

6. Renaissance Rebirth: The Revival of art and learning 1300-1600
Started in Italy, Why?:
1) Thriving Cities: Italy became Urban quicker than other areas due to trade
2) Wealthy Merchant Class: Idea of individual achievement and wealth
Paving your own path
Middle Class dominated government
Ex. Medici family in Florence: self made bankers
Controlled government as dictator with money
3) Italians kept Greco-Roman heritage:
Tried to revert back to art and learning of classical times

7. Renaissance Society
Esentially the same as the middle ages : clergy, nobles, peasants
At the top of Urban society were Patricians, merchants, and bankers

8. Classic and Worldly Values of the Renaissance
Humanism: Intellectual movement focused on human potential and achievement
Based on studying the classics
People enjoyed material luxuries again
Money was donated to the arts by cities and the wealthy

9. The Renaissance Man & Woman
Man: Strives to master every area of study
Woman: Seek fame
Inspire art, but don’t create it

10. Renaissance and Art Perspective: Three dimensions on a flat surface
Humanism leads to the painting of prominent citizens

11. Important Artists Leonardo: The True Renaissance Artist
Painter, Sculptor, Inventor, Scientist
MONA LISA, THE LAST SUPPER
Raphael: Most famous perspective painter
School of Athens
Michelangelo: Known for portrayal of Human Body
Sistine Chapel Ceiling, David, La Pieta

12. Leonardo: Man and Mona Lisa

13. Leonardo: Last Supper

14. Raphael: School of Athens

15. Michelangelo: Sistine Chapel Ceiling

16. Michelangelo: Last Judgment

17. Inside the Sistine Chapel

18. Michelangelo: Pieta and David

19. Renaissance Writers Popularized Vernacular: A persons Native Language
Writing was usually only in Latin at the time
Focused on self expression
Petrarch: Father of Humanistic writing
began the humanist emphasis on using pure classical Latin

20. Machiavelli
The Prince: Examines how to gain and keep power in an imperfect world
“Must be strong like a lion and sly like a fox”
What’s right is not important
What’s politically efficient is

21. Northern Artistic Renaissance
Large wall spaces of Italian churches had encouraged the art of Fresco painting.
Northern European artists painted illustrations for books and wooden panels for altarpieces

22. Northern Renaissance
the artists of northern Europe sought to portray their world realistically, placed their subjects among everyday objects
Robert Campin
used shadows to create depth and the smallest details to reflect reality – The Annunciation
Jan van Eyck
among the first to use and perfect the technique of oil painting