1. Today’s Agenda
Continue Lecture notes on Plant Basics. *Create foldable notes see example
Create Photosynthesis Flash Cards
Roots
Stems
Leaves

2. Describe the structure & function of Roots, Stems & Leaves.
Plant Basics May 9, 2011 Lecture Notes
Structure
Function
Describe the structure & function of Roots, Stems & Leaves.

3. Vegetative Organs
Roots
Stems
Leaves

4. Root Structure

5. Function of Roots Anchor the plant & hold upright
Absorb water and minerals from the soil & conduct to stem
Store food

6. Stem Structure
•Non-woody Stems •Woody Stems

7. Fig a

8. Fig b

9. Fig c

10. Function of Stems
Support leaves to maximize light absorption for photosynthesis
Transportation highway for water, minerals, and carbohydrates
Used for food storage
Green stems manufacture food like leaves

11. Leaf parts
Blade- flat, broad portion of a leaf
Petiole- leaf stalk

12. Types of Leaves Simple leaf – has only one blade
Compound leaf – leaf blade is divided into distinct leaflets
Doubly compound – each leaflet is subdivided into smaller leaves

14. Fig

15. Function of leaves Main photosynthetic structure
Chlorophyll in the mesophyll layer is responsible for producing food for entire plant.

17. Fig. 38.8

18. Fig

19. 9. Stomata on Leaves
Stomata regulate water loss and gas exchange (O2 out and CO2 in ) in leaves.
Guard cells - open and close the stomata
During the day, guard cells swell up w/ water causing the stoma to open
At night, guard cells lose water and shrink causing the stoma to close

20. Please draw & Label.

22. Chlorophyll in plants converts radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

23. Photosynthesis Equation
sunlight
CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2
carbon + water glucose + oxygen
dioxide gas

24. Balance the Photosynthesis Eq
CO2 + H2O sunlight C6H12O O2
6CO2 + 6H2O sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2

25. Photosynthesis Flash Cards
You will be given 8 flashcards to complete the Photosynthesis Equation.
On the front, write the chemical symbol
On the back, write the word
Example:
CO2
Carbon Dioxide gas
from the atmosphere

26. Photosynthesis Flash Cards
Photosynthesis Definition
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Water H2O
Glucose C6H12O6
Oxygen gas O2
Yield Sign Sunlight
2 Plus signs

27. HOMEWORK Read pages 143-144 on the Summary of Cellular Respiration
What are the two stages of Cell. Resp?
What happens in these two stages?
Write the balanced equation that summarizes the oxidation of glucose during Cellular Respiration.

28. 4.Tissue for Plant Growth
Meristems – plant tissue designed for rapid cell division; causes plant to grow
Apical meristems- helps the plant to grow in length
S.A.M.- shoot apical meristem
R.A.M.- root apical meristem
Lateral meristems - helps the plant to grow in diameter and increase girth.

29. Meristem types Primary (length) Secondary (width) Apical Meristems
Vascular cambium
Cork Cambium

30. Describe the three basic types of plant cells and plant tissue.
Plant Basics May 6, 2011 Lecture Notes
Describe the three basic types of plant cells and plant tissue.

31. Purple Onion Cells with Stoma
1. Plant Cells
Vascular Bundle
Purple Onion Cells with Stoma

32. A. Parenchyma Cells Shape Function Location Cube-shaped Elongated
Large central vacuole
Photosynthesis
Water storage
Healing
Dermal tissue:
Ex: Mesophyll layer
Ex: Fleshy parts of fruit
Ex: Flexible, non-woody green stem

34. B. Collenchyma Cells Shape Function Location Irregular in shaped
Grouped in strands
Thick cell wall
Provide support in growing shoots & leaves
Aid in plant growth
Ground tissue

36. C. Sclerenchyma Cells Shape Function Location Thick, rigid cell walls
In strands or bundles
Internal support & strength
Vascular tissue
Ex: xylem & phloem
Ground tissue
Ex: hard shell of nuts & core of apples

38. 2. Plant Tissue- a group of cells functioning
2. Plant Tissue- a group of cells functioning together in some specialized activity

39. 3. Three Types of Tissue
A. Dermal Tissue – cover surface of plant, absorption, and protection
(Ex: Epidermal cells & guard cells)
B. Ground Tissue – support & storage
(Ex: Mesophyll cells)
C. Vascular Tissue – conducting tissue
( Ex: Xylem & Phloem)

40. Locations of Plant Tissue

41. Vascular Tissue Xylem Mostly to conduct water and nutrients
Ex: roots to shoots
Phloem
Mostly to conduct sugars, amino acids, etc.
Ex: leaves to roots or flowers

42. Fig. 4.9

43. Fig a

44. Fig a

45. Fig b

47. Fig. 38.4

48. Fig

49. Fig

50. Fig a

51. Fig b

52. Fig

53. Stems: Secondary growth
Vascular tissue, (xylem) makes up the bulk of the stem
Form tree rings

54. Fig. 39.1

55. Fig. 39.5

56. Figure 35.8a Modified leaves: Tendrils of pea plant

57. Figure 35.8b Modified leaves: Cacti spines

58. Figure 35.8c Modified leaves: Succulent leaves for storing water

59. Figure 35.8d  Modified leaves: Brightly-colored leaves to attract pollinators

60. Figure 35.x1 Lithops

61. Comparison of monocots & dicots
Monocotyledon
grasses
lilies, tulips
trees: palm
Dicotyledon
roses, asters
grapes, beans
trees: oak, maple,
Comparison of monocots & dicots