1. Biotechnology Part 2 Genetics of Bacteria
AP Biology
Biotechnology Part 2
Genetics of Bacteria

2. Bacterial “size”

3. Prokaryote Structure

4. Bacterial genome

5. Theta Replication Replication fork Origin of replication Termination

6. Transformation

7. Transduction Phage DNA A+ B+ A+ B+ Donor cell A+ Crossing over A+ A–
Recipient
cell A+ B–
Recombinant cell

8. .
Sex pilus
5 µm

9. DNA transfer “Conjugation”

10. Maize
Barbara McClintock

11. Transposon - Basic
Insertion sequence 5¢ 3¢ 3¢ 5¢
Inverted
repeat
Transposase gene
Inverted
repeat

12. Transposon -Composite
Insertion
sequence
Antibiotic
resistance gene
Insertion
sequence 5¢ 3¢ 3¢ 5¢
Inverted repeat
Transposase gene

13. Polypeptides that make up enzymes for tryptophan synthesis
Operon Regulation
trp operon
Promoter
Promoter
Genes of operon
DNA
trpR
trpE
trpD
trpC
trpB
trpA
Operator
Regulatory
gene
RNA
polymerase
Start codon
Stop codon 3¢
mRNA 5¢
mRNA 5¢ E D C B A
Protein
Inactive
repressor
Polypeptides that make up
enzymes for tryptophan synthesis
Tryptophan absent, repressor inactive, operon on

14. Operon Repressor DNA No RNA made mRNA Protein Active repressor
Tryptophan
(corepressor)
Tryptophan present, repressor active, operon off

15. Repressor Regulatory gene Promoter Operator DNA lacl lacZ No RNA made3¢
mRNA
RNA
polymerase 5¢
Active
repressor
Protein
Lactose absent, repressor active, operon off

16. Operon and Inducers lac operon DNA lacl lacZ lacY lacA RNA polymerase3¢
mRNA
mRNA 5¢ 5¢
Permease
Transacetylase
Protein
-Galactosidase
Inactive
repressor
Allolactose
(inducer)
Lactose present, repressor inactive, operon on