1. State Department for Public Works Kenya Building Research Centre
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
State Department for Public Works
Kenya Building Research Centre
Role of Technology in Enhancing
Affordable Housing Programme Delivery

2. INTRODUCTION
The Constitution of Kenya, 2010, Article 43 (1) provides among others that every person has the right to:-
accessible and adequate housing, and to reasonable standards of sanitation,
And
clean and safe water in adequate quantities

3. Introduction Cont.
AHP is an initiative by the Government of Kenya, to avail decent and quality 500,000 housing units to low-income groups by 2022.
In Kenya, the estimated cost of construction is about 55,000 Kshs/M2.
Given the pressure to deliver, there is a need to incorporate cost efficient, innovative and environmentally friendly technology.

4. Technology
Technology simply refers to use of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
Internationally, attempts have been made to make housing more affordable and accessible through technology incorporating:-
new planning and cost management systems
application of innovative construction method,
the use of affordable materials
lowered maintenance cost in terms of energy and water efficiency

5. Role of Technology in Building Designs
Planning and Cost Management Systems
Software can be used in planning, design and construction management.

6. Role of Technology in Building Designs
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is key in efficient designing, planning and facility management.
BIM facilitates collecting information about buildings under construction on regular basis and enhances communication among the players.
Computer aided design software assist in flawless designs, enable computer simulation of buildings detecting problems before ground breaking

7. Construction Technology Innovations
Advancements in Construction Technology has introduced many innovations into the industry, which has seen stronger buildings constructed with less time, e.g. by the use of Pre-stressed concrete members.
Technology for on-site activities have similarly advanced.

8. Construction Technology Innovations
In-situ construction
Reusable plastic molded formwork together with liquid or pliable material e.g concrete eliminates plastering, chasing, beam filling hence minimize waste.
This can potentially reduce large-scale construction cost
by 26%-37% and also take shorter time to construct

9. Construction Technology Innovations
Load Bearing Steel Frame
A modular construction system that combines pre-engineered steel building frame with ready-to- install panels of insulated fibre cement walls. It saves time and construction costs.

10. Construction Technology Innovations
Prefabricated modular units
Are standard sections of a house.
manufactured in a factory, transported and then assembled on-site and can potentially reduce construction costs by about 30%.
Examples are expanded polystyrene (EPS) panels, galvanised steel and fibre cement.

11. Building Materials Traditional Materials
Building materials cover more than half of the total construction budget.
The challenge of traditional materials towards delivery of decent mass housing.
Time consuming
Wastage
Costly

12. Innovative Building Materials
Cement
Cement is sprayed on steel wire mesh that sandwiches polystyrene foam to form EPS panels.
Cement is also used in making of hollow interlocking blocks that reduce the use of mortar.

13. Innovative Building Materials
WOOD
There are materials like wood plastic composite, made of waste wood and recycled plastic.
MDF is a type of hardboard made from wood fibres glued under intense heat and pressure.
MDF is used in making wood veneer doors or melamine veneers for cabinetry

14. Innovative Building Materials
BAMBOO
Bamboo is a sustainable substitute for wood, it can be used to make doors and windows
It can also be used for parquet flooring.
It can be used for structural purposes in simple housing

15. Innovative Building Materials
LIGHT GAUGE STEEL
Is a suitable alternative for wooden trusses given the high cost of wood caused by logging bans.

16. Energy and Water Efficiency Technology
Energy Efficiency refers to a more effective utilization of primary energy resources to provide a desired energy service while minimizing the cost and impact on the environment. The benefits among others include:-
Reducing the costs of energy to homes.
Reduced dependency on energy imports
Reducing the negative impacts on the environment
Reducing the risks—due to greater predictability of cost and environmental impacts

17. Energy Efficiency 1. Solar Water Heating
The Kenya Solar water heating regulations of 2012 by the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC)
Property owners were required to install solar water systems in their houses, as an energy efficiency measure.

18. Energy Efficiency SOLAR PANELS AND WIND GENERATORS
On-site renewable energy that is generated from natural resources such as water, sunlight and wind
Smaller version of wind generators can be used to generate electricity for the Units.

19. Energy Efficiency ENERGY MONITORS
Display consumption of energy, minute by minute.
It is attached to the mains cable, then transmits a wireless signal to a display.
It shows the precise amount of power being consumed.
A green, energy-efficient building isn't just good for the environment. It saves money, reduces financial risk from rising energy costs

20. Energy Efficiency SMART INSTALLATIONS
Smart home appliances (motion sensors for lighting controls, LED bulbs contributes to energy saving .

21. Energy Efficiency
Integrate solar energy (thermal and electricity) such as photovoltaic and solar water heaters; wind energy, biogas and other available renewable energy systems into the building design

22. Water Efficiency and waste Management
Technology is used in the:
Management of water supply systems
Supply adequate amounts of water
Improve efficiency of water use in homes
Manage waste water properly from homes

23. Water Efficiency and waste Management
WATER SUPPLY Achieved through piped water and harvesting rain water.

24. Water Efficiency and waste Management

25. Water Efficiency and waste Management
BIO-DIGESTER
Digests organic material, anaerobically (without air) and produces methane gas used for cooking, lighting and heating 

26. Benefits of Technology.
Energy Savings
Environmental Sustainability
Asset Values
Micro Economic Development
Industrial Productivity
Energy Security
Energy Access
Public Budgets
Disposable Income
Reduce Local Air pollution
Improved Health and Wellbeing

27. CONCLUSION
The Design and development of Affordable Housing to be undertaken through the use of materials and technologies which are environmentally friendly and resource-efficient throughout the facilities life-cycle: from planning to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition.

28. THANK YOU