1. Situating Your Research in Literature Dr. Jeff Lee

2. In the milieu of experts on your topic
Milieu (def): a person's social environment (Latin root origin: medius [middle] + lieu [place]

3. Do experts perceive your study as a necessary study that would advance the current profession?

4. Identifying a gap Review the literature
Identify trends in the literature
Identify a gap in the literature
Experts identify a need for your study to be conducted
There are several strategies to identify a gap.

5. Strategy: Examine Chapter 5 of studies - Recommendations for future studies
Look in your Endnote library (or your files) and pull up five studies that most closely relate to your topic.
Analyze and examine these recommendations.
Questions to consider:
Is there a recommendation that is an EXACT match for your purpose statement and RQ?
Is there a trend that alludes to your purpose statement and RQ?

6. Recommendations For Future Studies
Sample: Preparing Future Leaders: An Ethnographic Study Exploring the Culture of Succession Planning and Leader Development in Christian Higher Education (Dr. Andrew Barton)
Recommendations For Future Studies
“5. Study the relationship between a presidents and board chairs in the context of developing and implementing succession planning efforts in Christian higher education. While this study illustrated a strong and vibrant relationship at Lipscomb University, a deeper understanding and exploration of the opportunities and challenges faced by others in developing a unified vision and priority would be helpful.” (Barton, 2016, P. 122)

7. Strategy: Examination of the literature
Pull up your EDOL 751 (literature review) signature assignment.
Examine the funnel, more specifically the last 1/3 of your funnel.
Is there a study that clearly states that your study should be conducted?
Is there a trend in the literature that alludes to your study being conducted?

8. Look here!

9. Walk Through a Sample

10. Sample Study: Three Hurdles to Technology Integration: A Case Study of Technology Integration in Bungamati
Study focused on hurdles to integration technology in a telecenter in Bungamati, Nepal

11. Analysis of the Literature
A BIG PROBLEM!!
Scan of the literature revealed:
Nepal + Education + Technology yielded 41 hits. Upon reviewing these 41 articles, it was very clear that most were not related to the topic of this study. Instead, most focused on the area computer science education in Nepal.
Nepal + Education + ICT yielded 1 hit. The article Tackling The Problems of Quality and Disparity in Nepal’s School Education: The OLPC Model (Bhatta, 2008) looks at the impact of the One Laptop Per Child program in Nepal. The focus of this article is still not directly related to this study.
Both Nepal + Teacher Training + Technology and Nepal + Teacher Training + ICT should have yielded the proper peer reviewed articles related to this study. But as evidenced, the searches yielded zero results.

12. Problem: How do you explain “no studies have been done” on (your study)?

13. Solution: Change the context of “Nepal” to “Developing Countries”
Context changed to: Technology Integration, Teacher Training and (Nepal) Developing Countries
92 articles were identified
A review of the 92 articles revealed four related articles.

14. Study 1 – Outside the context of Nepal
According to literature, teacher training with technology in developing countries appear in a few other developing countries. For example, according to Grunfeld, the Open Distance Learning (ODL) movement has become extremely popular in Cambodia, another developing country in South Asia. There is drastic development in using ODL to complement face-to-face education. (Grunfeld & Ng, 2013) With advances in technology, new platforms for learning are leveraged for knowledge sharing and creation.

15. Study 2 – Outside the context of Nepal
Similarly, in Jordan, technology has gained popularity with government officials and teachers. In fact, the Ministry of Education recently adopted several technology training courses aimed at preparing teachers to integrate technology effectively across the curriculum (Abuhmaid, 2011). Abuhmaid’s study is a landmark study citing the importance of providing teachers proper training in integrating technology.

16. Study 3 – Outside the context of Nepal
In South Africa, Pool, Reitsma and Mentz reveal that proper technology training for teachers focused on teachers’ use of technology as subject matter experts (Pool, Reitsma, & Mentz, 2013). Once the connection is made to subject matter, teachers can then develop appropriate pedagogical approaches to integrating technology.

17. Study 4 – Outside the context of Nepal
In Algeria, Guemide and Benachaiba (2012) expanded on the importance of proper teacher training with technology by making the claim that for the purpose of reaching rural communities, eLearning may emerge as a viable solution. This may take shape in both content delivery and co-construction of content by participants (Guemide & Benachaiba, 2012).

18. Building a case for this study
It is clear that some literature is beginning to emerge in the area of developing countries conducting teacher training in the area of technology. This review of literature, although comprehensive in scope, only revealed four related articles (Grunfeld & Ng, 2013, Abuhmaid, 2011, Pool, Reitsma, & Mentz, 2013 and Guemide & Benachaiba, 2012), all of which are out of the context of Nepal. Nevertheless, the need for research in the area of Nepal’s teacher training with technology is necessary and urgently needed.

19. Building a case for your study, based on published literature
(Grunfeld & Ng, 2013)
Focus on Cambodia
(Abuhmaid, 2011)
Focus on Jordan
Purpose Statement: Identify and describe the hurdles to integration technology in a telecenter in Bungamati, Nepal
Research Question: What are hurdles to integration technology in a telecenter in Bungamati, Nepal?
(Guemide & Benachaiba, 2012)
Focus on Algeria
(Pool, Reitsma, & Mentz, 2013)
Focus on South Africa

20. Building a case for your study, based on published literature
Purpose Statement:
Research Question:
Author: _________________________
Evidence: (P. ) ____________________
__________________________________
Author: _________________________
Evidence: (P. ) ____________________
__________________________________
Exercise 1 – Your turn!

21. Building a case for your study
Synthesis of literature
It is clear that some literature is beginning to emerge in the area of developing countries conducting teacher training in the area of technology. This review of literature, although comprehensive in scope, only revealed four related articles (Grunfeld & Ng, 2013, Abuhmaid, 2011, Pool, Reitsma, & Mentz, and Guemide & Benachaiba, 2012), all of which are out of the context of Nepal. Nevertheless, the need for research in the area of Nepal’s teacher training with technology is necessary and urgently needed.
Analysis of literature
End with your RQ
Exercise 2 – Your turn!

22. Situating Your Research in Literature Questions?