1. Chemicals of Life

2. 4 classes of biological molecules:
_________________________

3. Chemicals of Life Living cell components:
assembling into _______________
forming _______________
storing/relaying _______________
Required for a variety of cellular processes:
______________________________

4. Carbohydrates Accessible _______________ to fuel _______________
Provides _______________ inside plant cell walls
Simple Sugars
_______________
Complex Sugars

5. Disaccharide Monosaccharide Complex sugars Simple sugars:
_______________ sugar molecules bonded together
Ex’s sucrose (table sugar), maltose, lactose
Simple sugars:
_______________ sugar molecule
Fuel for cellular work
Ex’s: glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose

6. Polysaccharide
__________________sugar molecules together that create ______________________________
Short term ____________________ of sugar
Provide structural support for ___________________
Ex’s: ___________________________________________

7. Lipids Excellent _________________________________compound
Used as protection and in communication
Carry many important _____________________
*base components of _____________________
Serve as ___________________ to the skin
Protects _____________________ of body
Insoluble in water

8. Groups of Lipids _______________________
Made up of a glycerol and fatty acids
Fatty acid chains can be saturated or unsaturated

9. Unsaturated Fats ____________Liquid at room temperature (plant oils)
No C=C double bonds
Disadv: harder for body to break down
Adv: permit cooking at higher temp
Unsaturated Fats ____________Liquid at room temperature (plant oils)
One or more C=C double bond
Trans fats
: double bonds easier to digest

10. Phospholipids Phospholipids make up the _______________________
Composed of two parts:
__________________+ _________________ (Hydrophillic: water-liking)
2 _______________________ (Hydrophobic: water-hating)
Fatty acid chains can be saturated or unsaturated

12. Proteins
Large molecules made from _______________________________________
(building blocks)
Combine to form ______________________
Different kinds of proteins support different types of functions

13. Protein Functions:
______________________ are proteins that act as biological catalysts, regulate the rate that cellular reactions occur.
_______________________ proteins provide internal and external support to protect/maintain cell shape like hair, skin, nails, feathers

14. Functions continued:
_________________________ proteins provide basis for cellular and whole organism movement (muscular movement)
_________________________proteins such as antibodies help body defend itself against disease agents
_________________________organisms store proteins as a source of amino acids for later use, usually in growth and development. Found in egg whites and plant seeds.

15. Nucleic Acids DNA (__________________nucleic acid)
The genetic information that programs ________________________.
Found in all living organisms
Transmits genetic information from ______________________________
Stays within the nucleus *
RNA (_________________nucleic acid )
Single stranded nucleic acid
Used to translate the information from ________ into ______________

16. Nucleotides Free nucleotides combine together to form nucleic acids
___________________________
- DNA: ___________________ sugar
- RNA: ___________________ sugar
DNA Bases:___________(A), __________ (T)
___________ (C), __________(G)
RNA Bases:
Instead of ______________ has _____________

18. Nucleotide