1. Chapter 20
Tobacco

2. Lesson 1 – Tobacco Use – A High Risk Behavior
Why Young People Start Smoking
Teens feel insecure in social situations
They think smoking will make them look older
Peer Pressure
View it as a passing habit
Don’t think the negative effects are immediate
They think it will be easy to quit

3. Troubling Facts
Every day 6000 teens start smoking and 3000 teens become regular smokers
9 out of 10 teen smokers continue to smoke in adulthood
1/3 of the people who begin smoking as teens die from smoke-related causes
About 2.6 million packs of cigarettes are sold to minors every day

4. What Is In Cigarettes Nicotine – addictive drug in cigarettes
Forms a physiological and psychological dependence
Is a stimulant – drug that increases the action of the central nervous system
Is a deadly poison used as an insecticide

5. What Is In Cigarettes
Tar – thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns
Responsible for the flavor of a cigarette
Paralyzes or destroys cilia
Several substances in tar are known as carcinogens (cancer causing agents)
There are at least 43 cancer causing agents in every puff of smoke

6. What Is In Cigarettes
Carbon monoxide – colorless, odorless, poisonous gas that passes through the lungs into the blood
Same gas from automobile exhaust that is fatal when inhaled in large quantities
Unites with hemoglobin in red blood cells which prevents them from carrying oxygen needed for cell energy

7. Other Forms of Tobacco Pipe tobacco and cigars Specialty cigarettes
More likely to get mouth cancer because of high levels of tar
Specialty cigarettes
Prepared with tobacco and other ingredients
Contain more carcinogens than regular cigarettes

8. Lesson 2 What Tobacco Does To The Body
Causes diseases of the respiratory and circulatory system
Tobacco smoke can harm a fetus and lead to low birth weight and other health complications
Being in the presence of cigarette smoke puts a person’s health in jeopardy

9. Effects On The Smoker There are short and long term effects
Effects on the Respiratory System
Chronic bronchitis – cilia becomes useless which causes a build up of tar. This results in chronic coughing and mucus secretion
Emphysema – destruction of tiny air sacs in the lungs in which oxygen is absorbed into the body. Can cause a person to use 80% of their energy to breathe.

10. Effects On The Smoker Effects on the Respiratory System
Lung Cancer – leading cause of cancer deaths among males.
Lung cancer begins as bronchi are irritated by smoke. Cilia are destroyed and extra mucus can’t be expelled. This causes the smoker to cough.
Cancerous cells grow in these conditions

11. Effects On The Smoker Diseases of the Circulatory System
Nicotine makes the heart work harder, and speeds up the pulse
Smoking constricts blood vessels which cuts down circulation
Nicotine contributes to plaque build up in blood vessels. This leads to arteriosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries.
These conditions lead to increased risk of heart attacks and strokes

12. Effects on Nonsmokers
Passive smoke – inhaled by nonsmokers and remains in a closed environment after the smoker is through smoking
Mainstream smoke – blown off by the smoker
Sidestream smoke – comes from burning tobacco
These types of smoke cause eye irritation, headaches, coughing, more frequent ear infections, and asthma attacks
At least 3000 people annually die of lung cancer caused by second hand smoke

13. Rights of the Nonsmoker
Express your preference that people not smoke around you
Choose smoke free areas in restaurants or find establishments that do not allow smoking

14. Smoking During and After Pregnancy
Parents who smoke contribute to at least 6200 deaths of children each year
2800 deaths of low birth weight babies occur every year
1100 deaths result from respiratory infection
Smoking during pregnancy contributes to small fetal growth, prenatal death, and stillbirth

15. Smoking During and After Pregnancy
Smoking can effect intellectual development, and behavioral characteristics
Addiction can occur and carbon monoxide prevents oxygen flow to the fetus
Children of smokers are twice as likely to suffer from poor health as those of nonsmokers

16. Smokeless Tobacco Tobacco sniffed through the nose or chewed
Over 12 million regular users
Many users start between the ages of 13 and 15
Many teens believe it is safer than cigarettes
Negative effects – addiction, mouth sores, brown teeth, mouth cancer, damage to the digestive system

17. Dangers of Smokeless Tobacco
Smokeless tobacco users secrete more saliva which is swallowed and damages the digestive and urinary systems
Irritation from direct contact causes leukoplakia (thickened, white, leathery appearing spots in the users mouth that can develop into cancer)
Oral cancer strikes 30,000 Americans annually. Only 50% of victims survive longer than 5 years

18. Dangers of Smokeless Tobacco
Gum disease and early tooth loss
Bad breath
Discolored teeth
Decreases the ability to smell and taste

19. Did You Know
Smokeless tobacco sends ten times the carcinogens in the blood as cigarettes
A can of snuff contains as much nicotine as 60 cigarettes
From the number of women cigar smokers tripled to about 400,000
2 of the most common causes of oral cancer are drinking alcohol and smoking cigars. Together they are even more deadly.

20. Lesson 3 – Choosing to be Tobacco Free
There are many successful approaches to stopping smoking
For success, the smoker has to see the need to quit, make a commitment, and take steps to do so
The addicted user has to find a technique that works for them

21. Strategies for Quitting
The user has to be aware that there will be a withdrawal period
Symptoms – nervousness, moody, difficulty sleeping
The user may choose to reduce nicotine intake gradually
Use different type filters
Nicotine substitutes (gum, patches, nasal spray)

22. Benefits of Quitting Improve Cardiorespiratory endurance
Breathe easier
Reduces chances of heart disease
Improve overall health
Saves money