1. Classical Greece
Part 3
Alexander

2. The Rise of Macedon
Macedon was a wannabe Greek Kingdom north of “Real” Greece
359 Philip II becomes King of Macedon
He reforms the Army, lengthening the Spear and creating the most efficient military unit of the day.
A Phalanx of Hoplites 16 rows deep.
Philip II used his phalanxes to invade Greece and Thrace
By 338 BC he has conquered all of Thrace and Greece except Sparta

3. Alexander is educated as a n Athenian
Philip II’s Son was given the best education possible…he was sent to Athens
Aristotle was his teacher
He learns to love Athens and what it stands for
And hate the Persians who burnt it.
In 336 He is murdered by either a Persian agent or an agent of his first wife Olympia, Alexander’s Mother

4. Alexander conquers Persia
336 BC at 20 Alexander becomes King
334 BC he invades Persia
When he takes its capital…he burns it for revenge
By the time he died of malaria in 323 He had conquered from…
Greece to the Indus valley, and from
Afghanistan to Egypt and Libya!

5. After Alexander’s Death
Alexander’s Empire was divided into three parts
The Antigonid Empire - Macedon and part of Greece
The Seleucid Empire – Most of Persia
And Ptolemaic Egypt

6. These Empires were ruled by Greeks and lasted 300 years!
Thus Greek Culture was spread From India to Spain and eventually even to Ireland
First by Trade
Then by Colonization
And last by Conquest
It became the basis for Western Civilization